| 其他摘要 | Social workers play an important role at providing social services, mainly responsible for helping vulnerable groups solve various problems, such as poverty, unemployment, domestic violence and so on. Due to their special working environment, social workers often need to endure greater work stress, which may lead to poor mental health and high levels of job burnout. Therefore, it is of great significance to understand the mental health status, job burnout level and resilience of social workers, as well as their influencing factors and relationships among them, to improve the working environment of social workers and reducing the turnover rate of social workers.
In this study, self-made questionnaires were used to investigate social workers and employees in Beijing area, including self-designed demographic questionnaire, job satisfaction, life satisfaction, physical health, occupational identity, depression-Anxiestress scale (DASS-21), Chinese localized job burnout Scale, and Chinese adult resilience scale. Taking social workers and employees in Beijing as examples, this study focuses on the influencing factors of mental health, job burnout and resilience, as well as the correlation between mental health, job burnout and resilience, and conducts three studies respectively.
Study 1 explores whether there are differences in mental health, job burnout and resilience between social workers and on-the-job employees. Descriptive statistics and independent sample T-test analysis found that there was no statistical difference in the level of mental health between social workers and on-the-job employees, but the level of resilience of social workers was significantly higher than on-the-job employees, the level of job burnout of social workers was significantly lower than on-the-job employees. It can be inferred that although the working environment of social workers in Beijing may be more likely to cause depression, anxiety, stress and job burnout, there is not much difference in the level of mental health between the two groups，and social workers even have lower level of job burnout，that might because that social workers have professional knowledge related to psychology and can deal with pressure and stressors more actively by improve resilience. Therefore, it can also be speculated that the regulatory effect on mental health and job burnout can be enhanced by improving resilience.
Study 2 explores the differences between social workers and employed employees, and whether there are differences in mental health, job burnout, and resilience between the two groups. The analysis of descriptive statistics and independent sample t test found that there was no statistical difference in mental health level between social workers and on-the-job employees, and there was a significant difference in job burnout level. The psychological resilience level of social workers was significantly higher than the norm and ordinary on-the-job employees. It can be inferred that although the working environment of social workers in Beijing may be more prone to depression, anxiety, increased stress levels and job burnout, social workers can deal with pressure and stressors more actively by improving their psychological resilience due to their professional knowledge in psychology. Therefore, there is not much difference in mental health between the two groups, and even lower burnout levels among social workers. Therefore, it can also be speculated that mental health and burnout problems can be reduced by improving resilience.
Study 2 explores the influencing factors of mental health, job burnout and resilience. Descriptive statistics, single factor analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of mental health, job burnout and resilience. The hypotheses of this study are all valid, social workers generally have problems of mental health and job burnout, physical health status significantly affects mental health and job burnout level, income satisfaction significantly affects job burnout level, income satisfaction and life satisfaction can significantly predict resilience level.
Study 3 explores the dialectical relationship between resilience，mental health and job burnout. By using correlation analysis and mediation analysis, it can be found that there is a significant correlation between resilience, mental health and job burnout. Through further regression analysis, it is found that resilience and job burnout can significantly predict mental health level, resilience and mental health can also significantly predict the level of job burnout. Psychological resilience plays a completely mediating role between mental health and job burnout, which is consistent with previous studies. Resilience can significantly affect job burnout and mental health by adjusting individual's cognition and coping style to life events and external environment.
Social workers have low educational level and low income, low popularization rate of vocational certificates, long working hours and their working environment is more likely to cause mental health and job burnout problems. Social workers' satisfaction with their income and living conditions will greatly affect their mental health and job burnout. Psychological resilience can significantly affect job burnout and mental health status by adjusting individuals' cognition and coping styles to life events and external environment. In addition, social workers can also reduce job burnout through continuous education, choosing careers according to interests, understanding career values, fully mastering vocational skills, and clearly understanding job rights and responsibilities.
Based on the above research results and the survey on social workers ’s opinion on how to improve their job satisfaction, and based on the fact that most of the respondents believe that improving the level of salary and welfare, vocational skill training and career promotion are the most effective measures are the most effective measures, this paper forms the following policy suggestions on how to improve the mental health level of social workers and reduce the level of job burnout: First, improve the financial support system, improve the income level of social workers; Second, promote the professionalization of social work and improve the professionalism of social workers; Third, improve the management system of social work organizations and enhance the management level of social work organizations. |
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