Adolescence is an important period when individuals undergo major physiological and psychological transformations. The mental health problems of adolescents have attracted more and more attention from families and society. Non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents is a common issue. It harms teenagers' physical and mental health greatly, and it is worthy of in-depth exploration of its inner influence mechanism. Family environment is a very important factor that affects adolescent mental health. In recent years, with the changes in parenting concepts, more and more fathers are involved in the process of raising their children. The impact of paternal behavior of coparenting on adolescent mental health has gradually attracted the attention of domestic and foreign researchers. Most of the existing study explored the mechanism of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury with a single research method, this study uses qualitative and quantitative research to analyze the impact of paternal behavior of coparenting on adolescents' non-suicidal self-injurious behavior and the possible mechanisms between them.
This study consists of two parts: In Study One, qualitative research interviews were used, and purposive sampling was used to select 12 parents of adolescents who had experienced non-suicidal self-injurious self-injury and 12 parents whose teenagers that doesn’t have non-suicidal self-injurious self-injury as interview subjects. The impact of adolescent non-suicidal self-injurious was analyzed exploratorily. In Study Two, a quantitative research method was used to send out electronic questionnaires to junior high school students and vocational high school students aged 12-17 and their parents in Henan, Tianjin, Inner Mongolia, and other places with a convenience sampling method. 548 family pairs of adolescents and mothers’ questionnaires were received. The data was analyzed on the current situation of paternal behavior of coparenting and the specific impact on mothers and adolescents from the perspectives of adolescents and mothers respectively. Based on the qualitative research results and related theories, a chain mediation model of negative paternal behavior of co-parenting on adolescent non-suicidal self-injury was constructed. The difference test was described using the median and interquartile range, and SPSS 26.0 was used for data analysis, AMOS 26.0 tests the chain mediation of negative maternal parenting and adolescent shame.
The result of Study One is that through the analysis of interview materials, four core categories were summarized: The status of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury and factors affecting adolescent non-suicidal self-injury; The status of paternal behavior of co-parenting, Impact of paternal behavior of co-parenting on adolescent mental health and their mother’s parenting; The impact of mother on adolescent non-suicidal selfinjury. It can be concluded that negative paternal behavior of co-parenting not only triggers adolescents' self-cognition and negative emotions，but also risk the risk of adolescent non-suicidal self-injurious behavior through negative maternal emotions and parenting styles. The results of Study Two are as follows: The proportion of nonsuicidal self-injury was 27.6% among teenagers in this study. (1) The difference test shows that the gender of adolescents and whether they are only one child in their family have statistically significant differences in self-injury among adolescents. (2) Correlation analysis shows that: the various dimensions of negative paternal behavior of co-parenting, the various dimensions of negative maternal parenting, the various dimensions of adolescent shame and adolescent self-injury are significant positive correlation to each other. (3) Mediation effect analysis shows that negative paternal behavior of co-parenting increases the risk of adolescent self-injury through the mediating effect of adolescent shame and the chain mediating effect of negative maternal parenting and adolescent shame.
Research conclusion: Negative paternal behavior of co-parenting increases adolescent emotions and adolescent non-suicidal self-injurious behavior through the impact on negative maternal parenting style; adolescent shame plays a mediating role between negative paternal behavior of co-parenting and adolescent non-suicidal self injury; Negative maternal parenting and adolescent shame plays a chain mediating role between negative paternal behavior of co-parenting and adolescent non-suicidal self injury.
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