中国科学院心理研究所机构知识库

情绪冲突适应是指人们调动认知控制资源解决当前情绪冲突会促进对随后情绪冲突任务的解决。基于社会排斥的自我情绪调节理论和自我决定理论,本研究通过两个实验考察社会排斥是否影响情绪冲突适应以及社会接纳是否调节社会排斥对情绪冲突适应的影响。在实验1中被试被随机分为接纳组和排斥组。结果发现,排斥组被试在反应时上的情绪冲突适应效应小于接纳组。在实验2中被试被随机分成接纳-接纳组、接纳-排斥组、排斥-接纳组和排斥-排斥组。结果发现,接纳-排斥组比排斥-排斥组被试在反应时上表现出更大的情绪冲突适应效应,而接纳-接纳组和排斥-接纳组被试的情绪冲突适应效应没有显著差异。这两个实验提示,社会排斥会降低个体的情绪冲突适应,而社会接纳可以调节被排斥者的情绪冲突适应。上述发现不仅有助于理解社会排斥与情绪问题之间的关系,而且为干预社会排斥带来的情绪问题风险提供可行性方案。

Social exclusion is a very painful experience that threatens people’s physical and mental health,potentially increasing their risk of developing emotional problems.However,the psychological mechanism by which social exclusion affects emotional problems remains unclear.Studies have found that an impaired adaptability to emotional conflict plays an important role in emotional problems.Therefore,the first objective of the present study is to explore whether and how social exclusion affects adaptation to emotional conflict.After a person experiences social exclusion,social inclusion can promote positive emotions and lessen negative emotions.Therefore,the second objective of the present study is to explore whether and how social inclusion has the potential to regulate the effect of social exclusion on adaptation to emotional conflict.The present study used the Cyberball game and face-word Stroop paradigm to explore the effect of social exclusion on adaptation to emotional conflict(Experiment 1),and whether social inclusion had the potential to regulate the effect of social exclusion on adaptation to emotional conflict(Experiment 2).Experiment 1 used a mixed experimental design with 2(social situation:exclusion,inclusion)×2(previous trial consistency:consistent,inconsistent)×2(current trial consistency:consistent,inconsistent)format.The consistency of the previous trial and the consistency of the current trial were the within-subject factors,while the social situation was the between-subject factor.In Experiment 1,participants were randomly assigned to either the inclusion group or the exclusion group.Experiment 2 used a mixed experimental design with 2(Game 1:exclusion vs.inclusion)×2(Game 2:exclusion vs.inclusion)×2(previous trial consistency:consistent,inconsistent)×2(current trial consistency:consistent,inconsistent)format.The consistency of both the previous trial and the current trial were the within-subject factors,while Game 1 and Game 2 were the between-subject factors.In Experiment 2,participants were randomly assigned to the inclusion-exclusion,exclusion-exclusion,exclusion-inclusion,or inclusion-inclusion groups.In Experiment 1,the emotional conflict adaptation effect in reaction times of the exclusion group was lower than that of the inclusion group.In Experiment 2,the inclusion-exclusion group showed a greater emotional conflict adaptation effect in its reaction times than the exclusion-exclusion group.There was no significant difference in the emotional conflict adaptation effect in reaction times between the exclusion-inclusion group and the inclusion-inclusion group.In conclusion,social exclusion has the potential to reduce the individual’s adaptation to emotional conflict,while social inclusion has the potential to regulate the excluded individual’s adaptation to emotional conflict.These findings contribute to understanding the relationship between social exclusion and emotional problems and provide a feasible program to mitigate the risk of emotional problems caused by social exclusion.

国家社科基金重大项目(19ZDA363)资助