中国科学院心理健康重点实验室知识库

目的探讨护士核心能力、情绪智力和抑郁的关系。

方法2020年12月至2021年2月，采用一般资料调查表、注册护士核心能力量表、情绪智力量表、精神障碍基础护理评估量表对505名临床护士进行横断面调查。基于SPSS 23.0软件建立数据库，进行Pearson相关分析，采用宏程序PROCESS V3.4.1中Model 4进行中介效应分析。

结果护士抑郁得分为(12.42±5.83)分，性别、婚姻状态、自觉护患关系各水平抑郁得分差异有统计学意义( F/ t＝3.060，2.678，3.210，均 P<0.05)。核心能力[(149.72±54.87)分]与情绪智力[(82.42±15.62)分]呈正相关( r＝0.967， P<0.01)，核心能力、情绪智力与抑郁得分呈负相关( r＝－0.931，－0.928，均 P<0.01)。护士核心能力负向预测护士抑郁水平( β＝－0.528， P<0.01)，自我情绪的评估与表达能力、对他人情绪的识别和评估能力、自我情绪管理能力起部分中介作用，效应量分别为49.257%(－0.199/－0.404)，16.089%(－0.065/－0.404)和27.228%(－0.110/－0.404)。

结论护士核心能力是影响其抑郁水平的主要因素，情绪智力起部分中介作用，提高护士核心能力和情绪智力可降低其抑郁水平。

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between core competence, emotional intelligence and depression of nurses.

MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted on 505 clinical nurses by general data questionnaire, competency inventory for registered nurse, emotional intelligence scale and the primary care evaluation of mental disorders from December 2020 to February 2021.SPSS 23.0 software was used for statistical analysis, and the correlation was obtained by Pearson correlation analysis, and Model 4 in PROCESS V3.4.1 macro program was used to test the mediating effects.

ResultsThe depression score of nurses was(12.42±5.83), and significant differences were found in depression scores at various levels of gender, marital status, and conscious nurse-patient relationship ( F/ t=3.060, 2.678, 3.210, all P<0.05). Core competencies(149.72±54.87) had a positive correlation with emotional intelligence(82.42±15.62)( r=0.967, P<0.01), and depression scores had a negative correlation with core competencies and emotional intelligence ( r=-0.931, -0.928, both P<0.01). The depression level was negatively predicted by core competence of nurses ( β=-0.528, P<0.01). The capabilities of assessing and expressing their own emotions, identifying and assessing others' emotions and managing their own emotions played partial mediating roles, and the effect size were 49.257%(-0.199/-0.404), 16.089%(-0.065/-0.404) and 27.228%(-0.110/-0.404), respectively.

ConclusionNurses' core competence is a primary factor influencing their depression levels, with emotional intelligence playing a partial mediating role.In addition, nurses' depression level can be reduced by improving the core competence and emotional intelligence of nurses.

首都医科大学教育教学改革研究课题(2022JYY329)

首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院青年基金(2021-q33)