中国科学院心理研究所机构知识库

本研究首次在国内编制了一套集文字、图象和声音为一体的针对肿瘤患者的临床心理干预工具。采用个别和集体形式相结合的心理干预方法，利用其对住院化疗的癌症病人实施了心理行为干预。首次引进QLQ－C30、POMS－SF和DWI－CI作为病症病人生活质量、情绪和应对方式的测查指标，选NK细胞活性和IgG、IgM、IgA为免疫测查指标；抽取120例乳腺癌和肺癌患者，运用分层随机对照的方法，形成2（化疗前、化疗后）*2（实验组或干预组、对照组）的因素设计模型进行统计分析。研究了心理干预对癌症病人生活质量、免疫功能的影响，应对方式和性格的中介调节作用及影响因素；验证了心理干预方法的有效性。主要结论：1．经3个月的心理干预后，化疗期间癌症病人的生活质量状况和症状得到不同程度的改善；各免疫功能参数有不同程度的提高；其中NK细胞活性显著提高。影响心理干预对病人生活质量、免疫功能及应对方式作用的因素以综合方式为主，因素间交互作用明显。2．与对照组比较，干预组病人运用积极认各和积极行为方法增多，运用回避方法减少。3．性格测查结果表明：癌症病人具有比较高的掩饰性、自身隐蔽性的性格特点。4．生活质量测查问卷QLQ－C30在中国大陆是可行的、有效的；但社会功能量表（SF）存在文化差异，需针对国情进行修订。

A set of tools of clinical psychological intervention for cancer patients had been composed for the first time in the form of a manual with three tapes and some pictures. The cancer patients during chemotherapy were treated by psychological intervention via the tools in group and individual therapy. QLQ-C30, POMS-SF and DWI-CI were first recommended and used as indicators for measuring the results of QoL, emotion and coping method in cancer patients in Chinese mainland. NK cell activity and IgG、IgM, IgA were used to measure the immune function. 120 cancer chemotherapy patients were randomly assigned to one of four conditions formed by a 2 (pre-chemotherapy and post-chemotherapy) *2 (experimental and control group) factorial design. The effect of psychological intervention on quality of life and immune function for cancer patients was investigated as well as the mediate role of coping method and personality and their factors. The efficiency of the tools was verified. The major conclusive results drawn out from the study were: 1. After treated by psychological intervention for three months, the status of quality of life and the symptoms of the patients during the chemotherapy was improved accompanying with the increase of immune parameters, especially the NK cell activity. The influential way of the factors, which effected on the effect of psychological intervention on the quality of life, immune parameters and coping methods, was synthetic. There was obvious mutual effects among the factors. 2. The patients of experimental group used more the active behavior, more the active cognition and less the avoidance coping method than those in control group. 3. The results of measurement showed that the personality of the caner patients was of obvious concealing and hiding. 4. Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30(QLQ-C30) was suitable for the cancer patients with great efficiency in Chinese mainland although the scale of SF needed to be revised in the light of Chinese culture.