中国科学院心理研究所机构知识库

To examine the underlying structure of neuropsychological tests involving working memory components and those not involving working memory components that contribute to the performance of the Tower of Hanoi task in schizophrenic patients. Participants and Methods: A total of 90 patients with residual schizophrenia received a comprehensive cognitive assessment. Working memory was assessed with Letter-Number Span and Visual Patterns tests.Executive function was assessed by the Tower of Hanoi task. Stepwise multiple linear regressions were performed including age, education, duration of illness, and all cognitive functions. Results: Principal component analysis was conducted and yielded a 4-factor solution: auditory working memory, visual working memory, verbal working memory, and verbal fluency. Subsequent stepwise regression indicated that only visual working memory components and auditory working memory components were retained in the final model accounting, which explained 23.5% of the variance. Conclusions: These findings emphasise the importance of memory components, particularly those involving visual- and auditory-based working memory, when conceptualising the performance of the Tower of Hanoi task in residual schizophrenia.

目的：检查工作记忆影响精神分裂症患者在河内塔任务中表现的认知机制。

参与者与方法：90名慢性精神分裂症患者接受全面的认知评估。研究使用字母数位广度测试和视觉模式测试评估工作记忆，使用河内塔测试评估执行功能，并对年龄、教育水准、病程以及所有的认知功能进行逐步的多元线性回归分析。

结果：主成分分析结果显示4个因素：听觉记忆、视觉记忆、言语记忆以及流畅性。接下来的逐步回归分析显示最终模型中只包括视觉记忆和听觉工作记忆两个部分，能够解释23.5%的变异。

结论：结果强调了记忆，尤其是基于工作记忆的视觉和听觉部分，在考量慢性精神分裂症患者河内塔任务中表现时的重要性。