中国科学院心理研究所机构知识库

通过变化汉语合成词的词素累积频率的方法，考察表面频率和语义透明度对加工速度的影响。研究发现，当控制透明度时，高表面频率词中存在词累累积频率效应，即词素频率越高反应越快；而在低表面频率词中没有。当控制表面频率、变化词素频率和透明度时，在透明词中，词素累积频率高的比低的加工快；但在不透明词中，这种反应趋势反转了：词素频率越高反应越慢。这项研究表明词和词素单元表征于同一层次，都从下一层次得到激活，且在词和词素之间有连接；在透明词中这些连接是正性的，在不透明词中这些连接是负性的。

The present experiments focused on the structure of access representation. Surface frequencies, cumulative morpheme frequencies, and semantic transparencies of Chinese two-charater words were controlled. When transparencies were balanced, the cumulative morpheme frequency effect was found only in high surface frequency words but not in low frequency words. In the next experiment surface frequencies were controlled and cumulative morpheme frequencies and transparencies were veried.The responses of words with high cumulative frequencies were faster than that with low cumulative frequencies in transparent words. In opaque words, however, this response tendency was reversed, namely, the responses of words with high cumulative frequencies were slower than that with low cumulative frequencies. The two experiments implied that both word and morpheme units received activation from visual input and there were connections between them. These connections were positive between transparent words and their morphemes, negative between opaqu words and their morphemes, and would be enhanced with surface frequencies.