Social theorists have been interested in the role of belief system in maintenance the social structure and its dominance in psychology and behavior. The theory of belief in a just world (BJW) enables the individual to confront his physical and social environment as though they were stable and orderly. BJW includes general belief in a just world (GBJW) which direct to others and personal belief in a just world (PBJW) which direct to oneself. Early researches focused on “victim derogation”, which is the negative role of BJW. Later, BJW was found to play a positive role as a buffer against anger, which relieves one’s pressure as well as improving the subjective well-being (SWB). Resilience protects individuals in the adverse circumstance and also plays a positive role in maintaining the mental health and enhancing the SWB. As an important component and a standard of SWB, satisfaction with life (SWL) draws more and more attention of positive psychology researchers. The objective of this research is to examine the differences of BJW and resilience among different culture groups, and to explore their correlate factors as well as their influence on SWL. 325 valid questionnaires were collected among high school students which includes 189 Chinese and 136 Americans. The result indicates that: 1) BJW has significant difference among two different culture groups; Chinese students have higher GBJW and lower PBJW than American students. Chinese students’ GBJW has significant differences among female and male, while American students don’t have that difference. 2) Resilience significantly differs among two cultural groups; Resilience of American students is stronger than Chinese students. 3) Resilience significantly correlates BJW and SWL in two different cultural groups. Chinese students’ resilience correlates more significantly with GBJW while American students’ resilience more correlates with PBJW. 4) Chinese students’ SWL is lower than American students. Female have higher SWL than male in Chinese students but not in American peers. 5) In two groups, PBJW and resilience have effect on SWL: Resilience partly mediates the effect between PBJW and SWL among Chinese students, the same role appears in the relation between PBJW and SWL among American students.
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