中国科学院行为科学重点实验室知识库

摘要： 超常儿童鉴别是超常儿童教育的基本前提.随着超常儿童定义及理论的发展与演变,鉴别内容、工具和方法、鉴别程序均表现出多元化、动态化趋势:鉴别内容从仅关注智力或认知能力,到综合考量多领域才能;鉴别工具从采用智力测验或认知能力测试工具为主,到灵活使用多种测试工具;鉴别方法从客观、静态测试手段为主,到主客结合、动静结合;鉴别程序从单次测试变为贯穿全程的多次追踪测试.建议优化组合鉴别内容、提高鉴别工具和方法的有效性、持续完善鉴别程序、扩大鉴别对象范围、扩展鉴别主体、构建鉴别效果评估体系.

The identification of supernormal children is the premise of supernormal education. With the development and evolution of the existing definitions and theories of supernormal children, the identification contents，tools and methods, and procedures show a trend of diversification, comprehensiveness and dynamics: the identification contents change from single-dimensional intelligence to comprehensive consideration of intelligence，non-cognitive factors, creativity and talents; the identification methods change from single to multiple, static to dynamic and static combination; the identification procedures increasingly emphasize multiple，repeated tests and inspections, with an emphasis on testing followed by observation. It is suggested to optimize the combination of identification contents, improve the effectiveness of identification tools and methods, improve identification procedures，expand the scope of identification objects, expand the main body of identification, and build an identification effect evaluation system.