中国科学院心理研究所机构知识库

离婚不仅是个体重要负性生活事件,也是带来社会关系网络变动的群体现象.社会规范约束了集体主义文化下的群体离婚决策,然而个别婚姻规范严苛的集体主义国家仍具有较高离婚率,群体心理因素逐渐得到更多关注.采用大数据研究方法,从海量微博信息操作化获取中国31个省/直辖市/自治区自2010至2019年的心理幸福感和集体主义面板数据,建立包含心理因素和社会文化因素的离婚率预测与中介模型.结果发现,区域层面的心理幸福感(自我接纳、环境掌控和个人成长)是各地区离婚率的重要影响因素,即心理幸福感越高,离婚率越低;集体主义是心理幸福感的文化前因变量;心理幸福感中的自我接纳和环境掌控维度完全中介了集体主义文化对离婚率的影响.本研究表明,相较于集体主义,区域心理幸福感对家庭功能的正常运行具有更为直接的作用.伴随集体主义文化在中国社会的衰退,如何通过远端和近端环境因素干预提升群众心理幸福感、减缓离婚率快速上升势头,是未来研究和政策实践亟需关注的问题.

Abstract: Divorce is not only an important negative event of individual life, but also a social phenomenon that brings about changes in social relationship network. Social norms constrain group divorce decision - making under collectivism culture. However, some collectivistic countries with strict marriage regulations still have a high divorce rate. Psychological factors gradually receive more attention. This paper adopts the big data research method and operationalizes the panel data of psychological well - being and collectivism of 31 provinces/ cities/ districts in China from 2010 to 2019 from massive microblog information, and establishes the divorce rate prediction and mediation model including psychological factors and sociocultural factors. The results show that regional psychological well – being (self - acceptance, environmental mastery and personal growth) is an important factor influencing the divorce rate in each region. Collectivism is the cultural antecedent variable of psychological well - being. Self - acceptance and environmental mastery in psychological well - being completely mediate the influence of collectivism culture on divorce rate. This study shows that regional psychological well - being plays a direct role in the normal operation of family functions compared with collectivism. With the decline of collectivism in China, how to improve people’ s psychological well - being and slow down the rapid rise of divorce rate through the intervention of remote and near environmental factors is an urgent issur for future research and policy practice.

本项目受中国科学院心理研究所自主部署项目(E2CX4735YZ)支持。