中国科学院心理健康重点实验室知识库

目的 调查"双减"政策实施前后小学生每天各项活动的时长变化及"双减"政策对焦虑情绪的影响.方法 研究对象为山西省运城市 3 所小学 1～6 年级的 400 名小学生,有效被试 395 人,平均年龄为(10.25±2.637)岁.采用广泛性焦虑障碍量表简版和自编问卷分别测量小学生焦虑情绪水平以及作业、睡眠、运动及电子产品使用的时长,分析焦虑情绪与各项活动时长的相关性,以及"双减"政策实施前后小学生各项活动时长的变化.结果 小学生的焦虑情绪水平与作业时长、电子产品使用时长呈显著正相关(P＜0.01),与运动时长和睡眠时长呈显著负相关(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).与"双减"政策实施前相比,"双减"政策实施后的作业时长和电子产品使用时长显著缩短(t=-2.239,P＜0.05;t=-2.894,P＜0.05),睡眠时长显著延长(t=6.735,P＜0.01),运动时长的差异无统计学意义(t=1.392,P=0.165).结论 作业和使用电子产品时间过长可加重小学生的焦虑情绪."双减"政策的实施缓解了小学生的焦虑情绪,对小学生的心理健康具有保护作用.

Objective To investigate the difference in the duration of activities of primary school students before and after the "double reduction" policy, and verify the effect of the "double reduction" policy on the anxiety of primary school students. Methods The study subjects were 400 primary school students from the first grade to the sixth grade in 3 primary schools in Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province, and 395 participants were effectively enrolled in the questionnaire, with an average age of(10.25 1 2.637)years. The generalized anxiety disorder scale and the self-made questionnaire were used to measure the anxiety level of primary school students and the daily duration of homework, sleep, exercise, and electronic product use. The correlation between anxiety and the daily duration of various activities was analyzed, as well as the difference in the duration of primary school students' activities before and after the implementation of the "double reduction" policy. Results Anxiety in primary school students was positively correlated with homework time and electronic product use time(P< 0. 01)，and negatively correlated with exercise duration(P<0.05)and sleep duration(P<0.01) Compared with that before the "double reduction"，the homework time after the "double reduction" significantly reduced (t=-2.239, P<0.05)，the electronic product use time significantly reduced(t=-2.894，P< 0.05)，the sleep duration significantly increased(t=6.735，P< 0. 01)，and the exercise duration difference was not significant(t= l.392，P=0.165) Conclusion Longer homework time and electronic product use time aggravate the anxiety of primary school students. The implementation of the "double reduction" policy can relieve the anxiety of primary school students and plays a protective role in the mental health of primary school students.