中国科学院心理研究所机构知识库

目的 了解与儿童青少年健康饮食相关密切的水果蔬菜摄入情况, 考察影响儿童青少年水果和蔬菜摄入的个人、家庭及社会环境因素。 方法 参考国内外相关研究设计调查问卷, 采用整群随机抽样的方法, 对贵州省9所学校 1 398名在校中小学生(非住校生)进行调查。 结果 大多数儿童青少年都爱吃水果和蔬菜, 57.9%的父母积极鼓励孩子吃水果蔬菜, 但儿童青少年对摄入水果蔬菜的自我效能感并不高, 家庭、社会环境对孩子们提供水果蔬菜的便利性和可获得性很低。 影响因素中有 13项城市高于农村, 差异有统计学意义( P值均<0. 01)。儿童青少年对蔬菜水果的主观需求与实际摄入量之间不均衡, 其中存在一个巨大的需求。结论 应尝试介入家庭、学校及娱乐场所等, 提高儿童青少年在与他们生活密切相关的环境中获得水果蔬菜的可及性与便利性。

Objective To study the situation of the fruit and vegetable intake, and to assess the impact of fruits or vegetables intake of individuals, families and social environmental factors among children and adolescents. Methods Refering the foreign-related research and design of the questionnaire, using the method of cluster random sampling, 1 398 students of eight primary and secondary schools were selected in Guizhou Province. Results The majority of children and adolescents loved to eat fruits and vegetables. About 57.9% parents encouraged their children to eat fruits and vegetables. However, the self-efficacy of intake of fruits and vegetables in young children was not high. And there was low convenience and availability for children to get fruits and vegetables in family and social environment. There were 13 factors having significant differences between urban and rural areas（ P 〈0.01 ）. It was unbalanced between the subjective needs and the actual intake of fruits and vegetables in children and adolescents. Conclusion Some intervention should be conducted among children and adolescents at home , school and entertainment so as to improve the accessibility and convenience of fruit and vegetables.