生命意义感与主观幸福感、创伤后成长——经验性回避的调节作用

PSYCH OpenIR > 健康与遗传心理学研究室

	生命意义感与主观幸福感、创伤后成长——经验性回避的调节作用
其他题名	Meaning in life, Posttraumatic Growth, and Subjective Well-being: the Moderation role of Experiential Avoidance
	熊朋迪
	2015-05
摘要	目的：本研究聚焦于生命意义感与主观幸福感、创伤后成长的关系，及经验性回避在其中的调节作用。分析大学生群体的生命意义感与主观幸福感三元素——生活满意度、正性情感、负性情感的关系，及经验性回避在其中的调节作用；分析地震灾区青少年的生命意义感与创伤后成长的关系，及经验性回避在其中的调节作用。方法：采取问卷调查的方法，研究一选取北京某高校教育学院大一全体学生，发放纸质问卷250份，回收有效问卷238份。采取生命意义量表（MLQ）、接纳与行动问卷（AAQ-II）、生活满意度量表（SWLS）、正性负性情感量表（PANAS）进行施测。研究二选取四川某职业高中一年级全部新生共1808名为研究对象，回收有效问卷1530份。采用生命意义量表（MLQ）、接纳与行动问卷（AAQ-II）、创伤后成长量表（PTGI）进行施测。研究得到以下结果：第一、在大学生群体中，存在生命意义感与生活满意度、正性情感显著正相关（r=0.54、0.46，P<0.01），与负性情感显著负相关（r= -0.34，P<0.01）；寻找生命意义感与生活满意度、正负性情感相关不显著（P>0.05）。回归分析显示，在控制了性别和年龄之后，存在生命意义感得分正向预测生活满意度（β=0.42,P<0.001）、正性情感（β=0.36,P<0.001），负向预测负性情感（β=-0.18,P<0.01）；寻找生命意义感得分对生活满意度、正负性情感的预测作用不显著（P>0.05）；在对生活满意度的预测中，寻找生命意义感和经验性回避的二阶交互作用显著（β=-0.14,P<0.05）；其它二阶交互项存在寻找、存在回避，三阶交互项存在×寻找×回避均不显著（P>0.05）。第二、对于灾区青少年，存在生命意义感、寻找生命意义感得分与创伤后成长得分正相关（r=0.47、0.30，P<0.01）。回归分析显示，存在生命意义感、寻找生命意义感得分分别正向预测创伤后成长（β=0.47、β==0.19, P<0.001）；存在生命意义感、寻找生命意义感、经验性回避三阶交互作用显著（β=-0.09,P<0.001），其中，经验性回避低分组，存在生命意义感和寻找生命意义感在对创伤后成长预测中二阶交互作用显著（β=0.10,P<0.05），经验性回避中等组和高分组的交互作用不显著（P>0.05）；三个二阶交互项——存在×寻找、存在×回避、寻找×回避均不显著（P>0.05）。本研究的结论为：第一、存在生命意义感与大学生的主观幸福感关系密切，增强大学生的生命意义感有助于提升其生活满意度，培养积极乐观的人生态度。第二、经验性回避会影响寻找生命意义感与主观幸福感的关系，经验性接纳（回避的反面）能够促进寻找生命意义感对主观幸福感的积极影响。第三、青少年的创伤后成长与存在生命意义感、寻找生命意义感关系密切。灾难后，个体能够重新寻找生命意义，重建被破坏的生命意义感是创伤后成长的关键。第四、经验性回避程度调节存在生命意义感、寻找生命意义感与创伤后成长的关系。经验性接纳能够促进存在与寻找生命意义感对创伤后成长的协同作用。
其他摘要	Objective:To investigate the relationship among meaning in life, subjective well-being, posttraumatic growth, and experiential voidance. Specifically, for college students, investigate the relationship among meaning in life and three elements of subjective well-being:life satisfaction, positive emotion, negative emotion. The moderation role of experiential voidance was also detected. For earthquake survivors, investigate the relationship between meaning in life and posttraumatic growth, and the moderation role of experiential voidance. Method:Questionnaire survey was utilized. In study one, totally 250 freshmen from a university in Beijing were assessed with Meaning of Life Questionnaire(MLQ), the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire Second Edition (AAQ-II), Satisfaction With Life Scale(SWLS), The Positive and Negative Affect Scale(PANAS). Thetotalamountofvalidquestionnairesis238. In study two, totally 1808 freshmen from vocational high school in Sichuan were assessed with Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), Meaning of Life Questionnaire(MLQ), the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire Second Edition (AAQ-II). Thetotalamountofvalidquestionnairesare1530. Result: First,for college students, correlation analysis showed “presence of meaning” was positively correlated with life satisfaction, positive emotion(r=0.54, 0.46, P<0.01), and negatively correlated with negative emotion(r= -0.34，P<0.01). “Search ofmeaning” wasn’t positively correlated with life satisfaction, positive emotion, negative emotion(P>0.05). Regression analysis showed that after controlling gender and age, students’ scores of life satisfaction(β=0.42,P<0.001), positive emotion(β=0.36,P<0.001), negative emotion (β=-0.18,P<0.01) were positively predicted by scores of presence of meaning, while they weren’t positively predicted by scores searching for meaning(P>0.05). The two way interaction effect of searching for meaning and experiential avoidance in the prediction of life satisfaction was found(β=-0.14,P<0.05), while other types of two way interaction(presence search, presence  avoidance) or three way interaction (presence×search×avoidance) effect weren’t found(P>0.05). Second,for earthquake survivors,correlation analysis showed “presence of meaning” and “searching for meaning” was both positively correlated with posttraumatic growth(r=0.47, 0.30, P<0.01). Regression analysis showed students’ scores of posttraumatic growth were positively predicted by scores of presence of meaning(β=0.47)and searching for meaning(β=0.19). The three way interaction effect of presence of meaning, searching for meaningand experiential avoidance in the prediction of posttraumatic growth wasfound(β=-0.09,P<0.001).For individuals with less experimental avoidance, the two way interaction effect of presence and searching meaning reached statistical significance(β=0.10,P<0.05),while such phenomenon wasn’t found in medium and high experimental avoidance groups(P>0.05). Two way interaction effect, including presence×search, presence×avoidance, search ×avoidance weren’t found(P>0.05). Conclusion: First, for college students, the meaning in life, especially the presence of meaning in life, is closely related to subjective well-being. Enhancements of meaning in life would help enhance their life satisfaction, and help them develop a positive and optimistic attitude towards life. Second, experiential avoidance can affect the relationship between meaning in life and subjective well-being. Experiential acceptance（theopposite of avoidance）can promote the positive effect of search of meaning on subjective well-being. Third, adolescents’ posttraumatic growth is closely related to the presence of meaning and search of meaning. After the disaster, the individual’s re-searching and re-finding of meaning in life being destroyed arethe key to posttraumatic growth. Fourth, experiential avoidance could adjust the relationship among presence of meaning, searching for meaning and posttraumatic growth. Experiential acceptance can promote the synergistic effect of presence of meaning and searching for meaning on posttraumatic growth.
学科领域	应用心理学
关键词	生命意义感主观幸福感创伤后成长经验性回避创伤后成长经验性回避经验性回避
学位类型	硕士
语种	中文
学位专业	心理学
学位授予单位	中国科学院研究生院
学位授予地点	北京
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/19732
专题	健康与遗传心理学研究室
作者单位	中国科学院心理研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	熊朋迪. 生命意义感与主观幸福感、创伤后成长——经验性回避的调节作用[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院,2015.

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