Based on the process of obtaining information of traffic signs with generalized communication system model, a formulation of Average Information Content of Source was applied to compute the uncertainty of pictorial traffic signs. And the Information Content of traffic signs was looked as a quantitative evaluation index.
The more elements in one sample, the less the possibility of each element. So, average information content relating to the possibility of occurrence of a given definition for a traffic sign can be used to predict design quality.
A Static experiment and a dynamic experiment were performed to analyze the information process of traffic signs. The results demonstrated that the learning times of getting certain criterion reaction time and error rate to traffic signs were in direct ratio with their information content. Moreover, the reaction time in dynamic condition was significantly longer than that of in static condition. Velocity was also an independent variable in the process of recognizing traffic signs.The faster the speed of presenting traffic signs, the higher the error ratio and the worse performance of loaded tracking task.
A rating scale with seven items was used to evaluate traffic signs subjectively. Information content of traffic signs could predict the meaningful and identifiable in the aspect of communicativeness. The physical characters such as conciseness, concreteness, eye-catching,associability and indistinctiveness of low information content traffc signs which had the best usable were obtained.
The possibility of using the methods and findings of this study to evaluate icons for icon-based human-computer interface was discussed in the background of fast development of icon-based human-computer interface.
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