| 父母心理灵活性、养育心理灵活性与儿童依恋的关系研 | |
| 其他题名 | Study on the relationship between parents' psychological flexibility, parental psychological flexibility and attachment of children |
| 吴婷 | |
| 导师 | 祝卓宏 |
| 2017-10 | |
| 摘要 | 心理灵活性(psychological flexibility, PF)指个体能有意识地接触当下所处的外在情境，同时能有意识地觉察当下的内在心境(比如情绪、记忆、想法、动机等一切心理活动)，最终在个人价值方向的清晰指引下，灵活地采取行动的能力。在养育情境下父母的心理灵活性称为养育心理灵活性(parental psychological flexibility, PPF。养育心理灵活性是指父母在养育儿童过程中，接纳自己对于儿童的负性想法、情绪以及冲动，仍然保持有效的养育行为的能力。父母自身的心理状态影响其养育行为，通过与儿童的互动产生依恋C attachment style ) ,‘它们之间的作用机制是本研究极其关注的。 目的:本研究试图探讨父母自身的心理灵活性和养育心理灵活性对儿童依恋的影响，以及养育心理灵活性在二者间发挥的作用。 方法:采用自编人口学量表、接纳与行动问卷第二版(AAQ-II )、父母养育心理灵活性问卷(PPFQ )、幼儿依恋关系问卷，对129组2}<7周岁的儿童父母施测。 研究问题一采用AAQ-II和PPFQ，考察了父母的心理灵活性对其养育心理灵活性的影响。使用SPSS 22.0进行统计分析，方法为t检验、单因素方差分析、Pearson积差相关和多重线性回归分析;研究问题二和研究问题三采用AAQ-II, PPFQ和幼儿依恋关系量表，分别考察了父母的心理灵活性和养育心理灵活性对儿童依恋的影响、父母的养育心理灵活性在心理灵活性和儿童依恋之间的中介作用。使用SPSS 22.0进行统计分析，方法为t检验、单因素方差分析、Pearson积差相关、多重逐步线性回归分析和偏差校正的非参数百分位Bootstrap法中介变量检验。 结果: 第一，多元线性回归分析发现，父亲的心理灵活性对其养育心理灵活性及三个维度均具有正向预测作用(β=0.26-0.55 9 P<0.01)。母亲的心理灵活性对其养育心理灵活性、认知解离维度及接纳维度也具有正向预测作用(}=0.43一0.63, P<0.001)。 第二，Pearson积差相关分析发现，父亲的心理灵活性与儿童的矛盾依恋、逃避混乱依恋均具有统计学意义的负相关(γ=-0.200、-0.258, P<0.05)，其养育心理灵活性与儿童的矛盾依恋、逃避混乱依恋也具有统计学意义的负相关(γ=-271、-0.475, P<0.05 );母亲的心理灵活性与儿童的矛盾依恋、逃避混乱依恋具有统计学意义的负相关(γ=-0.176, -0.188,P<0.05 )，其养育心理灵活性与儿童的矛盾依恋、逃避混乱依恋也具有统计学意义的负相关 (γ=-371、-0.329，P<0.05)。 第三，父亲的养育心理灵活性在父亲心理灵活性和父子的逃避混乱依恋间发挥了完全中介作用(LLCI=-0.02199 ULCI=-0.0087)，且中介效应大小为-0.0145。母亲养育心理灵活性在母子依恋的矛盾依恋、逃避混乱依恋上均发挥了完全中介作用「(LLCI=-0.0236, ULCI=-0.0068 ) vs. C LLCI=-0.0171, ULCI=-0.0039 )]，中介效应大小为(-0.0144，-0.0196 )。 结论: 第一，父母自身的心理灵活性越高，其养育心理灵活性也越高。 第二，父母的心理灵活性及养育心理灵活性越高，儿童的不安全依恋越低。 第三，父母心理灵活性通过养育心理灵活性影响儿童不安全依恋。 |
| 其他摘要 | Psychological flexibility which is defined as contacting the present moment as a conscious uman being, and, based on what that situation affords, acting in accor0dance with one's chosen values. Psychological flexibility within parenting refers to parents' accepting negative thoughts, emotions and urges about one's child and still acting in ways that are consistent with effective parenting. Parents' own psychology influences parenting behavior, develop attachment through interactiomvith children. The mechanism between them is of great concern to this study. Objective: This study attempts to explore the influence of parental psychological flexibility and psychological flexibility on the attachment of children, and what role does parental nurturing psychological flexibility play in the process. Methods:Totally 129 parents of preschool children (2-<7) was surveyed with the Acceptance and Action questionnaire-2nd edition (AAQ-II),the Pai0ental Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire (PPFQ), children's attachment style questionnaire. The effects of parents' psychological flexibility on the psychological flexibility of parents were investigated by using AAQ-II and PPFQ. SPSS 22.0 was used for statistical analysis, and the method was t test, single factor variance analysis, Pearson product difference correlation and multiple linear regression analysis. Research question 2 and question 3 using the AAQ-II, PPFQ and children's attachment style questionnaire investigat the influence on the attachment of children by psychological flexibility and the parental psychological flexibility. Whether the parents' psychological resilience has a mediating effect between mental flexibility and child attachment is also examined. Using SPSS 22.0 statistical analysis, the method for the t test, single factor analysis of variance, Pearson product-moment correlation and multiple stepwise linear regression analysis and deviation correction of nonparametric percentile Bootstrap method inspection intermediary variables, data are expressed in x±s and significance test for α= 0.05 level. Results： First, the multivariate linear regression analysis found that the psychological flexibility of the father had positive predictive effects on the psychological flexibility and the three dimensions of his parenting(β=0.26-0.55, P< 0.01). Second, fearson product-moment correlation analysis found that the contradiction between father's psychological flexibility and children's attachment points, avoid disorganized attachment score was statistically significant negative correlation （γ=-0.200, 0.258, P<0.05), the contradiction between its nurturing psychological flexibility and children's attachment points, avoid confusion attachment also scored statistically significant negative correlation(γ= - 271，0.475, P<0.05）；The contradiction between mother's psychological flexibility and children attachment points, avoid disorganized attachment score statistically significant negative correlation （γ=0.176, 0.188, P<0.05), the contradiction between the foster children psychological flexibility attachment points, avoid confusion attachment also scored statistically significant negative correlation （γ=-0.371，-0.329, P<0.05). Third, father's parenting psychological flexibility was my father's psychological flexibility scores and type of father and son escape from chaos played a fully mediating role between attachment points (LLCI=0.0219, ULCI=0.0087), and the mediation effect size for 0.0145. raising psychological flexibility in the contradiction of mother-child attachment relationship attachment points, avoid confusion attachment score played a complete mediation role [(LLCI =0.0236, ULCI=0.0060 vs (LLCI=0.0171, ULCI=0.0039)], the mediation effect of size (0.0144, 0.0196). Conclusion: Firstly, the higher the psychological flexibility of parents themselves, the higher parental psychological flexibility. Second, the higher the parents' psychological flexibility and the higher parental psychological flexibility, the lower the insecure attachment of children. Thirdly, parents' psychological flexibility affects children's insecurity by raising psychological flexibility. |
| 学科领域 | 儿童发展与教育心理学 |
| 关键词 | 学龄前儿童 依恋关系 心理灵活性 养育心理灵活性 中介效应 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 儿童发展与教育心理学 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学;中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 学位授予地点 | 北京 |
| 统计方法 | 多重逐步线性回归分析;t检验;单因素方差分析;pearson积差相关 |
| 测验名称 | 自编人口学量表;接纳与行动问卷第二版（AAQ-Ⅱ）;父母养育心理灵活性问卷（PPFQ）;幼儿依恋关系问卷 |
| 取样对象 | 人类 |
| 性别 | 男;女 |
| 年龄组 | 青年（18岁-29岁） ; 三十多岁（30岁-39岁） ; 中年（40岁-64岁） |
| 病症 | 儿童依恋 |
| 被试数量 | 实验一：339;实验二：339;实验三：339 |
| 国家或地区 | 中国 |
| 省份 | 北京 |
| 统计软件 | SPSS 22.0 |
| 测验题目数量 | 自编人口学量表：5;接纳与行动问卷第二版（AAQ-Ⅱ）：7;父母养育心理灵活性问卷（PPFQ）：16;幼儿依恋关系问卷：21 |
| 文献类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/28427 |
| 专题 | 健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 作者单位 | 1.中国科学院大学; 2.中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 吴婷. 父母心理灵活性、养育心理灵活性与儿童依恋的关系研[D]. 北京. 中国科学院大学;中国科学院心理研究所,2017. |
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