其他摘要 | With socioeconomic development, the traditional concept of "male heads of raising the family and female heads of household" has changed, more and more dual-income families are emerging. Fathers are gradually changing from being the breadwinners of the family to co-parenting with mothers, and have a unique influence on children's development, especially for adolescence with a high level of depressive symptom, the role of paternal co-parenting cannot be ignored. Developmental systems theory suggests that the relationship between the two should also take into account the individual factors of the adolescence and the influence of the different environmental factors they are exposed to. Most of the existing studies have explored the mechanisms of the relationship through a single research method, but few studies examined the systematic influence of adolescents' own factors and environmental factors on their development. To this end, this study incorporates a mixed qualitative and quantitative research design to analyze the effects of co-parenting on adolescent depressive symptom in a more in-depth and comprehensive manner and to further explore the possible mechanisms of the effects.
This study consisted of the following two parts: Study 1 used a qualitative research design in which 20 adolescents were selected as interviewees through purposive sampling to conduct an exploratory qualitative analysis of the possible effects of father co-parenting performance on adolescent development. Study 2: Using a quantitative research design, a questionnaire survey of 1,310 adolescents from a vocational high school in Guangxi Province was conducted through a convenience sampling method, with paternal co-parenting, maternal psychological control, adolescent age, their romantic relationship experiences and adolescent depressive symptom are selected as quantitative research variables based on qualitative findings, using independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA for test of variance, and the mechanisms of the effects of paternal co-parenting on adolescent development in study 1 were verified by Process v3.4 macro program and Bootstrap method for mediating effects and moderated mediating effects.
The results of Study 1,firstly, identified four core categories of paternal co-parenting through qualitative interviews: influencing factors, current status, effects on mothers and adolescence, and revelation. Secondly, further analysis of the negative paternal co-parenting yielded mechanisms of effects on two core categories of adolescents' personal development and interpersonal adjustment, and these effects changed with adolescents' development showing three stages: negative perception, distress and cognitive adjustment phases. In addition, this study chose a narrative research approach to further explore the causes of romantic relationships outside of the adolescent's family and their influential role, and found that although some positive influences existed, but they were still more likely to be predisposing factors for adolescent depressive symptom.
The results of Study 2 showed that, (1) in the difference test section, there were significant differences in adolescent gender, family structure, and romantic relationship experience on the paternal negative co-parenting and adolescent depressive symptom scores, respectively; in addition, there were significant differences in the father's education level on the paternal negative co-parenting score. (2) In the correlation analysis, paternal negative co-parenting was significantly and positively correlated with maternal psychological control and adolescent depressive symptom, respectively; and romantic relationship experience was significantly and positively correlated with maternal psychological control and adolescent depressive symptom, respectively. (3) Mediating effect analysis showed that maternal psychological control partially mediated the relationship between paternal negative co-parenting and adolescent depressive symptom. (4) The results of moderated mediating effects showed that adolescent age moderated the second half of the mediated pathway of maternal psychological control, and the positive effect of maternal psychological control diminished or even disappeared as adolescents grew older; adolescent romantic relationship experiences moderated the direct pathway between negative paternal co-parenting and adolescent depressive symptom, and compared to adolescents with romantic relationship experiences, negative paternal co-parenting had a stronger effect on their development for the adolescents without romantic experiences.
The study concludes that negative paternal co-parenting influences adolescents' psychosocial development in terms of both personal development and interpersonal adjustment, and also influences maternal parenting behaviors; maternal psychological control partially mediates the relationship between negative paternal co-parenting and adolescent depressive symptom; adolescent age moderates the second half of the mediating pathway of maternal psychological control, and the influence of maternal psychological control diminishes or even disappears as adolescents grow older; and adolescents' age moderates the direct pathway of maternal psychological control. Adolescents' age mediates the second half of the mediating pathway of maternal psychological control, and the influence of maternal psychological control decreases or even disappears as adolescents grow older; adolescent romantic relationship experiences moderate the direct pathway between negative paternal co-parenting and adolescent depression, and the role of negative paternal co-parenting is stronger for adolescents without romantic relationship experiences. |
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