| 其他摘要 | Reading is the main way to understand the world and acquire knowledge for young children. Parent-child shared book reading (SBR) is the most important form of reading in early years of an individual's life and one of the most important ways of parent-child interactions in recent years. Previous studies have found that SBR has significant positive effects on children's future academic achievement, language, literacy, social and many other developments. Therefore, the status and influencing mechanisms of SBR have attracted a lot of researchers. Studies have shown that SBR is influenced by various factors. However, there was a lack of discussion of family functioning in existing studies. Based on the family system theory, researchers believed that the husband-wife subsystems, as the core of the family system, affected the functions of other subsystems (such as parent-child subsystems). Marital satisfaction played an important role in the marital subsystem that has a significant impact on parent-child interaction. Therefore, based on the family system theory, this study combined a qualitative and quantitative research design to explore the status of SBR, and the mechanism of the impact of marital satisfaction on SBR, to provide reference for improving the quality of SBR and promoting the healthy development of children.
This study consisted of two studies. Study 1 was a qualitative study. Firstly, a total of 30 mother-child dyads’ reading videos were coded through observation methods. Then five mothers of young children were selected for in-depth interviews to further analyze the specific situation of SBR using the narrative inquiry. Study 2 was quantitative research. 307 participants were measured using a questionnaire to investigate maternal marital satisfaction, paternal co-parenting, children’s effortful control and SBR. T-test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze differences in major variables, and the SPSS PROCESS macro program was used to test the mediating effect and moderated mediating effect.
The results of the qualitative research from Study 1 showed that: (1) In SBR, enhancing attention to text was the most frequently observed category for both mothers and children. Promoting interactive reading and supporting comprehension behaviors were also observed, but less frequently, and behaviors from the using literacy strategies were infrequently observed. (2) There is a significant positive correlation between mother and child’s reading behaviors in three dimensions. According to the narrative inquiry findings, a positive sense of mothers in their marriages, fathers’ active participation in child-rearing and their positive cooperation with mothers was beneficial for SBR activities.
Results from study 2 showed that: (1) Mothers of girls have higher marital satisfaction than mothers of boys, and mothers of non-only children have higher marital satisfaction than mothers of only children. In terms of father's education level, the maternal marital satisfaction of the master's degree and above group was significantly higher than that of bachelor's degree group, which was higher than that of junior college and below group. In terms of mother's education level, the maternal marital satisfaction of master's degree and above group and bachelor's degree group were significantly higher than that of junior college and below group, but there was no significant difference between the master's degree and above group and the bachelor's degree group. In terms of monthly family income, the maternal marital satisfaction in the family which have a monthly income of 20,000 yuan and above was significantly higher than that in the 10,000 yuan and below group and the 15,000-20,000 yuan group. (2) There were positive correlations between maternal marital satisfaction, SBR, paternal co-parenting, and children’s effortful control. (3) Paternal co-parenting completely mediated the relationship between maternal marital satisfaction and SBR. (4) Low levels of children’s effortful control strengthened the negative impact of lower maternal marital satisfaction on positive paternal co-parenting.
Conclusion: Mothers and children performance best in enhancing attention to text, but little use of reading strategies. Mother’s behaviors in SBR on three dimensions of enhancing attention to text, promoting interactive reading and supporting comprehension, using literacy strategies lead to positive feedback of children. Family factor of maternal marital satisfaction had a positive effect on SBR, and paternal co-parenting played a complete mediating role. Children’s effortful control mediated the pathway from maternal marital satisfaction to paternal co-parenting. Children with low levels of effortful control amplified the influence of maternal marital satisfaction on paternal co-parenting, especially when mothers are dissatisfied with their marriage. These findings contribute to our understanding of how family factors impact SBR from different subsystems of family system theory. The improvement of SBR quality should not only pay attention to each family members and its function, but also to the combined influence of those factors. |
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