| 其他摘要 | Tinnitus is a common otolaryngological condition that refers to an abnormal sound produced within the auditory system that does not come from an external stimulus, but rather from an abnormality in the auditory system itself. Studies show that 14% of adults experience tinnitus, with 2% experiencing severe tinnitus and having a reduced quality of life as a result of tinnitus. As medicine and psychology continue to crosspollinate, the complex psychological phenomena behind tinnitus are beginning to be recognised. In particular, it has been found that emotional state are prevalent and severe in tinnitus patients. In recent years, mindfulness meditation training, which has been widely discussed both nationally and internationally, aims to develop an individual's ability to focus on and accept the current moment, which can improve sleep quality as well as better cope with emotional state. However, it is not yet clear whether mindfulness meditation training can improve emotional state in patients with tinnitus, as well as alleviate the degree of tinnitus distress. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct further research and verification on whether mindfulness meditation training can improve emotional state in tinnitus patients and reduce tinnitus distress.
Based on the above, this thesis investigates whether there is a mediating role of emotional states (stress, anxiety, depression) between subjective tinnitus loudness and tinnitus distress. Further, short-term mindfulness meditation training was used to intervene with emotional state and tinnitus distress in tinnitus patients. The thesis consisted of two studies: study 1 aimed to investigate the mediating role of mood state between subjective loudness of tinnitus and tinnitus distress. A cross-sectional research design was used. Firstly, through an objective examination, this study determined whether participants suffered from subjective tinnitus. Subsequently, questionnaires were used to collect data on 400 participants with subjective tinnitus, including subjective loudness of tinnitus, level of emotional state, and level of tinnitus distress. Statistical analyses were used to investigate the relationship between subjective loudness of tinnitus and mood state levels, and attempts were made to model the mediation of mood and sleep quality between subjective loudness of tinnitus and tinnitus distress using structural equation modelling. The results of the study showed that there was a significant correlation between emotional state and the level of tinnitus distress in tinnitus patients, and that it was partially mediated between the subjective loudness of tinnitus and tinnitus distress. This suggests that emotional state play an important mediating role in subjective tinnitus loudness and tinnitus distress in tinnitus patients.
Study 2 aimed to improve emotional state and tinnitus distress in tinnitus patients by using positive mindfulness meditation training. To verify the improvement effect of positive mindfulness meditation training on emotional state and tinnitus distress in tinnitus patients, a positive mindfulness meditation intervention experiment was conducted. Using convenience sampling, tinnitus patients were divided into two groups, 27 cases in the experimental group and 24 cases in the control group. The tinnitus patients in the experimental group were trained in mindfulness meditation for four weeks and the control group listened to soothing music for an equal amount of time. A questionnaire was used before and after the intervention to assess the patients' level of positive thought awareness, sleep quality, level of emotional state and tinnitus distress. The results of the experiment showed a significant increase in the level of positive thought awareness, a decrease in the level of emotional states, and a decrease in the degree of tinnitus distress in the experimental group relative to the control group. The results of the mediation analysis showed that mindfulness meditation further affected the degree of tinnitus distress in tinnitus patients by improving their anxiety level. This suggests that mindfulness meditation training can reduce the degree of tinnitus distress by improving the anxiety level of tinnitus patients.
This study validated the correlations between subjective loudness of tinnitus, emotional states (stress, anxiety, and depression), and tinnitus distress. The mediation model of emotional state between subjective loudness of tinnitus and tinnitus distress was established, implying that subjective loudness of tinnitus can further affect tinnitus distress by influencing emotional state. Through empirical research, mindfulness meditation training can enhance the positive mindfulness level of tinnitus patients and alleviate tinnitus distress by reducing anxiety level. |
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