中国科学院心理研究所机构知识库

了解人类识别手写体字符的认知规律是信息处理科学文字处理自动化领域给认知心理学研究提出的重要课题。这方面的研究不仅在实践上对手写体文字信息处理自动化的实现有所帮助，而且在理论上对了解人类的认知规律也是有意义的。西方心理学家用英文字符手写体为材料对人类识别手写体字符进行了一些研究，初步了解了少、类识别英文手写体字符的一些规律。但至今我们还没有看到有关对人类识别汉字手写体的研究资料。

本研究着重探讨了影响人类识别汉字手写体的静态特征与动态特征。为了解决汉字手写体字形变化大、涉及的变量多、很难把单一变量分离出来进行设计和控制、而且很多变量很难用物理量加以描述的困难:本研究采用了多变量棍合测量的实验设计。数据内统计分析采用多元回归的方法，以实现对多变量的同时处理。

本研究得出的结论如下:

1)对影响汉字手写体静态特征的研究表明，无论是对独体字还是合体字手写体，衫响汉字手写体正确识别率的主要静态特征依次是与其它字的相似、笔划相对位遣变化口笔划变形。与其它字的相似主要产生误识，笔划变形主要产生拒识，笔划相对位置的近化既能导致误识，也能导致拒识。

2)又寸书法家书写汉字的书写过程的分析表明，书法家在书写相同字形的汉字时的动态过程有显著的一致性。

3)对被试知觉已写好的汉字手写体的静态轨迹中书写过程的动态信息的研究结果表乏明，被试可以从已写好的汉字手写体的静态轨迹中知觉到书写时的动态信息。

4)对影响汉字手写体识别的动态特征的研究表明，影响汉字手写体正确识别率的主要动态特征是起落笔数的变化和笔划方向的变化。

5)对汉字手写体识别中静态特征与动态特征关系的研究表明，二者都对汉字手写:的识别产生影响。其中起主要作用的是汉字手写体的静态特征;而汉字手写体的动态表三征只起次要的或辅助的作用。

Understanding the cognitive processes of handwritten Chinese characters is a very important research topic. Research progress on this field will be important for the exploration of the cognitive rules of human information processing，it will also be felpful for the design of computer information processing strategies of handwritten words. In Westen countries psychologists have made studies on this topic using English characters as research matterials. No research on recognition of handwritten Chinese characters has been found.

In this study，the recognition of handwritten Chinese characters is studied by analyzing their static and dynamic factors.

The main results are as follows:

1 .The static factors of handwritten Chinese characters that have significant effects on recognition are similarity with other handwritten characters，changes of relative positions of strokes and shape changes of strokes. Among these factors，similarity with other handwritten characters has greatest effect on recognition, followed by changes relative positions of strokes and shape changes of strokes. It was also found that similarity with other handwritten characters affects recognition in error responses; shape changes of strokes in recognition failures, and changes of relative positions of strokes in both error responses and recognitiong failures.

2. The metuods of writing handwritten Chinese characters used by different calligraphers are significantly consistent.

3 .The subjects are sensitive to dynamic information contained in the handwritten Chinese characters.

4 .The dynamic factors hat affec ecognition of handwritten Chinese are characters in the number of strokes and changes in the direction of strokes.

5 .Although both static and dynamic factors of handwritten characters have significant effects on the recognition of the handwritten Chinese characters, the effect of static factor plays a major role and the effect of dynamic factor plys a secondary role.