中国科学院心理研究所机构知识库

目的:探讨我国青少年生活方式、生活满意度以及自尊的关系。方法:采用青少年生活方式量表、Rosen-berg自尊量表对全国九省(自治区、直辖市)的10899名初中、高中及大学在校学生进行调查。结果:不同地区、年级青少年在不同生活方式和生活满意度类型上的分布存在差异(χ2=248.93,P<0.01;χ2=568.53,P<0.01)。有58.9%的大城市青少年的生活方式健康程度高,且生活满意度高;而生活在乡镇农村的青少年,生活方式健康程度低,且生活满意度低的人占大多数(58.9%)。初中生生活方式健康程度高且满意度高的学生占全体初中生的61.8%,高中和大学生中,该比例分别降为48.5%和21.3%。高中生生活方式健康程度高但不满意的学生占7.6%,高于初中生(4.1%)和大学生(3.6%)。另外,有很高比例的大学生(71.6%)生活方式健康程度低,且生活满意度低。生活方式与自尊、生活满意度存在显著的正相关(r=0.472,P<0.01;r=0.636,P<0.01),自尊与生活满意度存在显著的正相关(r=0.450,P<0.01),且自尊是生活方式和生活满意度的中介变量。结论:我国青少年生活方式和生活满意度整体情况良好,但存在地区和年级差异,生活方式通过自尊对生活满意度有正向预测作用。对我国青少年进行生活方式健康教育应考虑地区和年级差异,同时应积极关注心理因素的影响

Objective:To explore the relationship between lifestyle,self-esteem and life satisfaction among Chinese adolescents.Methods:10 899 adolescents in middle schools and colleges from 9 provinces in China were investigated by using Chinese Adolescent Lifestyle Scale(CALS),Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale(SES).Results:The distribution of adolescents in the four groups divided by lifestyle and life satisfaction scores were different regarding the area and grade of these students(χ2=248.93,P<0.01;χ2=568.53,P<0.01).A high percentage of adolescents in cities(58.9%)reported a healthy life style with high life satisfaction while most adolescents in rural areas(58.9%)reported poor life styles with little satisfaction.A high percentage of junior high school students(61.8%)reported a healthy life style with high life satisfaction,but this percentage among senior high school and college students was down to 48.5% and 21.3% respectively.About 7.6% of senior high school students reported a healthy life style but poor satisfaction,a little higher than that of junior high school students(4.1%)and college students(3.6%).Moreover,there were 71.6% college students reported that they lead a poor life style with little satisfaction.The lifestyle is significantly correlated with self-esteem(r=0.472,P<0.01)and life satisfaction(r=0.636,P<0.01),and self-esteem is also significantly correlated with life satisfaction(r=0.450,P<0.01).Self-esteem was the mediator of the other two parameters.Conclusion:The lifestyle predicts life satisfaction through self-esteem.Area and grade differences have to be taken into consideration when introducing programs on health promotion,and attention should be attached to the influence of psychological factors.

中国科学院心理研究所青年科学基金(07CX061006)资助~~