中国科学院心理研究所机构知识库

校园欺凌是备受社会关注的议题，而留守儿童在家庭与社会系统中的特殊处境使得该群体的欺凌现象中更应予以关照。本研究以544名8-18岁且父母均外出务工的留守儿童为研究对象，通过问卷调查法，探讨性别、年龄、童年逆境经历与遭受校园欺凌的关联，并验证童年逆境对遭受校园欺凌及其五种亚型的影响与媒介化亲子沟通在其中的保护作用。研究发现，留守男童遭受校园欺凌的可能性较之留守女童更大；童年逆境经历较多的留守儿童更易遭受校园欺凌，具体而言，童年逆境经历越多，遭受校园欺凌及间接欺凌、性欺凌与网络欺凌三种亚型的频率越高；媒介化亲子沟通在童年逆境对遭受校园欺凌及其亚型影响的保护性作用上存在差异，与母亲的媒介化沟通能够缓解童年逆境对遭受校园欺凌及间接欺凌、网络欺凌、性欺凌的影响，而与父亲的媒介化沟通能够缓解童年逆境对遭受网络欺凌的影响。基于现有结论，研究将媒介化亲子沟通方式作为关键环节，试图对缓解留守儿童遭受校园欺凌的干预实践提出可行建议。

[Abstract] School bullying is a major concern for society，and the unique status of left-behind children in the social and familial system makes bullying in this group even more deserving of attention. Through a questionnaire survey，544 left-behind children aged 8-18 whose parents were both migrated to other cities for work were used to investigate the association between gender，age，childhood adversity and school bullying victimization，and to examine the impact of childhood adversity on school bullying victimization and its five subtypes，as well as the protective role of mediated parent-child communicanon. The results indicated that left-behind boys were more likely than girls to be bullied at school; that left-behind children with more childhood adversity were more likely to be bullied at school; that childhood adversity positively associated with school bullying victimization，indirect bullying victimization，sexual bullying victimization and cyberbullying victimization; and that there were deviations in the moderating effects of parent-child communication on the effects of childhood adversity on school bullying victimization and its subtypes: Mediated parent-child communication with mothers moderated the effects of childhood adversity on school bullying victimization，indirect，cyber and sexual bullying vice timization，while mediated parent-child communication with father moderated the effects of childhood adversity on cyberbullying victimization. Based on the existing findings，the study uses mediated parent-child communication as a crucial component in an attempt to suggest intervention strategies to mitigate school bullying among left-behind children.

自然科学基金项目“留守儿童的媒介补偿与依恋安全：亲子沟通与学校协同的干预研究”(72004198);; 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“农村儿童校园欺凌对早期人力资本发展的影响、机制与对策研究”(S20220191)的阶段性成果