模糊规避的形成机制:基于可评价性假设的视角

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	模糊规避的形成机制:基于可评价性假设的视角
其他题名	The Formation Mechanism of Ambiguity Aversion：A Perspective Based on the Evaluability Hypothesis
	徐富明1 ; 张军伟 1; 刘腾飞 1; 蒋多 1; 文桂婵 1
通讯作者邮箱	fumingxu@126.com
心理所单位排序	2
摘要	模糊规避是指在相同奖赏的情况下,决策者会力图规避从主观上判断具有模糊概率的事件而偏好具有相同精确概率的事件。本研究使用同时评价、单独评价的研究范式从随机事件和自然事件两个领域来探讨模糊规避的形成机制。研究结果表明,当风险事件和模糊事件同时评价时,个体倾向于模糊规避;当风险事件和模糊事件单独评价时,模糊规避会消失。
其他摘要	Ambiguity aversion refers to the phenomenon that people prefer events with known probabilities to similar ambiguous events in which the decision maker does not know the values of the probabilities. Since ambiguity aversion was proposed by Ellsberg in 1961, there have been three main models accounting for ambiguity aversion： the other evaluation hypothesis, the competence hypothesis and the comparative ignorance hypothesis. The other evaluation hypothesis suggests that increasing the number of people watching a decision enhances ambiguity aversion, and enhances it more than other factors that researchers manipulate.The competence hypothesis suggests that people prefer betting on their own judgment to an equiprobable chance event only when they consider themselves knowledgeable, but not otherwise. The comparative ignorance hypothesis suggests that ambiguity aversion increases with the perception that others are more competent and more knowledgeable. To investigate the influence of joint evaluation and separate evaluation on individuals’ ambiguity aversion, a 2 （ambiguous event vs. risky event） ×2 （ joint evaluation vs. separate evaluation） mixed experimental design was adopted. In the 1first experiment, the subjects were required to indicate their WTP of ambiguous events and risky events. In the 2nd experiment, every piece of experimental episode consisted of ＂below＂ and ＂not below＂ conditions under which the subjects were required to indicate their WTP. The research revealed that there was no significant difference in WTP between ambiguous events and risky events when evaluated simultaneously, when they were separately evaluated, there was a significant difference in WTP between ambiguous events and risky events. The results indicate that, when risky events and ambiguous events are evaluated simultaneously, people opt for ambiguity aversion; in case of a separate evaluation, however, ambiguity aversion will disappear.
关键词	模糊规避同时评价单独评价
学科领域	认知心理学
	2012
语种	中文
发表期刊	心理科学
ISSN	1671-6981
卷号	35 期号:1 页码:177-179
期刊论文类型	期刊论文
URL	查看原文
收录类别	CSCD
CSCD记录号	CSCD:4465197
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/14752
专题	认知与发展心理学研究室
通讯作者	徐富明
作者单位	1.华中师范大学心理学院暨湖北省人的发展与心理健康重点实验室 2.中国科学院心理研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	徐富明,张军伟,刘腾飞,等. 模糊规避的形成机制:基于可评价性假设的视角[J]. 心理科学,2012,35(1):177-179.
APA	徐富明,张军伟,刘腾飞,蒋多,&文桂婵.(2012).模糊规避的形成机制:基于可评价性假设的视角.心理科学,35(1),177-179.
MLA	徐富明,et al."模糊规避的形成机制:基于可评价性假设的视角".心理科学 35.1(2012):177-179.

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