视觉信息分布调节信息整合策略:来自眼动的证据

doi:10.16719/j.cnki.1671-6981.2013.01.015

PSYCH OpenIR > 认知与发展心理学研究室

	视觉信息分布调节信息整合策略:来自眼动的证据
其他题名	Information Distribution Modulates Integration Strategies： Evidence from Eye Movements
	任衍具 1; 禤宇明2 ; 傅小兰2
第一作者	任衍具
通讯作者邮箱	fuxl@psychy.ac.cn
心理所单位排序	2
摘要	以空白单元格定位为实验任务,操纵序列点阵的分布,考察视觉短时记忆与视知觉的信息整合机制。实验一发现任务正确率与点阵1的圆点数呈近似U形关系。实验二发现在拐点前后被试的眼动模式从偏向于注视圆点位置转为偏向于注视空格位置。因此,视觉信息的分布模式调节整合策略,当处于视觉短时记忆中的圆点数在其容量之内时,采用图像—知觉整合策略,反之,则采用转换—比较策略。
其他摘要	In the present study, empty cell localization task was used to explore how information was integrated between visual short - term memory （VSTM） and visual perception. To explain the participants＇performance of the task, two hypotheses were proposed： image - percept hypothesis and convert - and - compare hypothesis. The image - percept hypothesis suggests that participants first encode the locations of dots in array 1 and its mental image is formed to integrate with array 2. On the contrary, the convert - and - compare hypothesis asserts that participants first encode the location of empty cells in array 1 and its negative image is formed to compare with array 2. Analyzing the existing evidence for or against the two hypotheses, we found that the difference in dot distribution might contribute to different integrating strategies. To test this hypothesis, two experiments were conducted. In Experiment 1, the dot distribution of sequential arrays （4 - 11,5 - 10, 6 - 9, 7 - 8 and 8 - 7 ） and interstimulus interval （ ISI, 500 ms, 1500ms and 2500 ms） were manipulated. The resuhs showed that the accuracy was a U -shaped function of array 1 dot number and at the condition of 6 - 9 distribution the accuracy reached a lowest value. These findings suggested that integration strategies might change from ＂memorizing dots＂ to ＂memorizing empty cells＂ of array 1. In Experiment 2, participants＂ eye movements were monitored when performing empty cell localization task. Dot distribution varied in 3 levels （5 - 10, 6 -9, 7 -8 ） and ISI varied in 2 levels （500ms and 1500ms）. The accuracy again showed a U -shaped function of array 1 dot number. In 1500ms ISI condition, there were significant differences in terms of eye movement patterns between the 3 levels of dot distribution. Specifically, in 5 -10 condition, participants showed a bias to look at dot locations during ISI period; in 6 -9 condition, participants looked at locations of dots or empty cells by chance; while in 7 - 8 condition, a bias to look at empty cell location was showed. Thus, we found clear eye -movement evidence indicating a change of integration strategy from ＂memorizing dots＂ to ＂memorizing empty ceils＂ in Experiment 2. In sum, the present study suggests that human participants are flexible in integrating sequentially presented information because a change of integration strategy is revealed by our data. We argue that the limit of VSTM capacity plays an important role in this adaptive characteristic. It seems that the ＂memorizing dots＂ strategy is adopted when dot numbers are within the capacity of VSTM while the ＂ memorizing empty cells＂ strategy is adopted when dot numbers is out of VSTM capacity.
关键词	序列点阵空白单元格定位图像—知觉整合假说转换—比较假说眼动
其他关键词	sequential arrays;empty cell localization;image一percept integration hypothesis;convert-and-compare hypothesis eye movements
学科领域	感知觉心理学
	2013-01-20
语种	中文
DOI	10.16719/j.cnki.1671-6981.2013.01.015
发表期刊	心理科学
ISSN	1671-6981
卷号	36 期号:1 页码:002-006
期刊论文类型	期刊论文
URL	查看原文
收录类别	中文核心期刊要目总览 ; CSCD ; CSSCI
取样对象	人类
性别	男 ; 女
年龄组	青春期（13岁-17岁） ; 青年（18岁-29岁）
被试数量	实验1:12 ,实验2:12
国家或地区	中国
测试或任务	序列点阵定位任务
因变量指标	正确率;眼动指标;注视次数;平均注视时间;注视位置
实验仪器	E-prime 1.1;Eyelink 1000;Experiment Builder
统计方法	重复测量方差分析
资助机构	本研究得到国家重点基础研究发展计划（2011CB302201）、山东省“十二五”发展与教育心理学强化重点学科建设项目和山东师范大学博士科研扁动基金项目的资助.
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/14896
专题	认知与发展心理学研究室
作者单位	1.山东师范大学心理学院; 2.中国科学院心理研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	任衍具,禤宇明,傅小兰. 视觉信息分布调节信息整合策略:来自眼动的证据[J]. 心理科学,2013,36(1):002-006.
APA	任衍具,禤宇明,&傅小兰.(2013).视觉信息分布调节信息整合策略:来自眼动的证据.心理科学,36(1),002-006.
MLA	任衍具,et al."视觉信息分布调节信息整合策略:来自眼动的证据".心理科学 36.1(2013):002-006.

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