中国科学院心理健康重点实验室知识库

摘要：背景：目前，大量研究发现精神分裂症谱系障碍和强迫症之间存在一些重合之处，在精神分裂症患者中强迫症的患病率介于7.8%和40.5%，大约是普通人群中出现强迫症概率的10倍。共同存在分裂型和强迫特质，可能会对行为和认知存在调节作用。本研究目的是探讨在非临床群体即大学生中，分裂和强迫特质的共同出现率，检验共同出现分裂和强迫特质对于执行功能和情绪加工过程是否存在调节作用，以及在情绪加工方面特质人群是否存在特定缺陷。方法：在全国范围共3119名高校学生填写分裂型人格问卷（SPQ）、和强迫量表修订版（OCI-R），其中有575名学生同时还填写了执行功能失常问卷自评问卷（DEX）、愉快情绪体验量表（TEPS）、情绪表达量表（EES）和情绪调节问卷（ERQ）。结果：（1）在大学生群体中，分裂和强迫特质共同出现的比率为3.33%。（2）共同出现分裂特质和强迫特质，对于执行功能存在调节作用。（3）在所筛查出的特质人群中，对情绪加工过程进行聚类分析，确定了三个聚类组别。发现类别1（45人）主要是在情绪表达和调节中的抑制策略上存在缺陷；类别2（26人）主要是在情绪体验、表达和调节上都存在缺陷；类别3（49人）主要是在情绪调节的抑制策略上存在缺陷。结论：虽然在大学生群体中共同表现出分裂和强迫特质的并不常见，但对执行功能存在调节作用，同时特质人群中情绪加工方面存在特定缺陷。

Abstract：Background:Empirical findings suggest there is an overlap between schizophrenia spectrum disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). The prevalence of OCD in schizophrenia is 7.8% to 40.5%, approximately10 times higher in general population. Co-occurrence of schizotypal and OCD traits may have a moderating effect on behaviour and cognition. This study explored the co-occurrence of schizotypal and OCD traits in healthy college students, and examined the moderating effect of co-occurring schizotypal and OCD traits on executive function and emotion processing. Finally, we also aimed to identify if there would be any specific emotion processing deficits subgroups in the present sample.

Method: We recruited 3319 participants to complete the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) and the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R). A subset of them (n = 575) also completed the Chinese version of the Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX),the Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale(TEPS),the Emotional Expressivity Scale (EES), and the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire(ERQ).

Results: Our results showed that the co-occurrence rate of schizotypal and OCD traits was3.33%. There was also an interaction between schizotypal and OCD traits thatassociated with executive function; Subsequent two-stage cluster analysis also identified a three-cluster solution in the present traits sample.Cluster 1（n=45）was characterized by a deficit in emotional expression and the suppression strategy of emotional regulation. Cluster 2(n=26) was characterized by a general deficit in experimental pleasure, emotional expression and emotional regulation.Cluster 3(n=49) was characterized by a deficit in the suppression strategy of emotional regulation.

Conclusion: These findings suggest it is not uncommon for the co-occurrence of schizotypal and OCD traits in college sample. The co-occurrence of these two traits may exert moderating effects on executive functions, and there are specific emotion processing deficits in traits subgroups.