中国科学院心理健康重点实验室知识库

目的研究在新冠肺炎的疫情压力下,心理弹性和就业能力对女性抑郁焦虑情绪的影响。方法 2020年2月中下旬全国延期复工期间,采用问卷调查法,通过流调中心抑郁量表中文简版、广泛性焦虑量表简版、心理弹性量表简版、就业能力量表、背景信息问卷对1303名女性进行问卷调查。结果在控制了年龄、职业状况、婚姻状况、子女情况等背景信息的情况下,就焦虑而言:心理弹性回归系数显著(β=-0.287,P0.05)。就抑郁而言:心理弹性回归系数显著(β=-0.332,P<0.05),即心理弹性在就业能力与抑郁之间起调节作用,心理弹性水平较高的个体相对于心理弹性较低的个体其就业能力越强,越不容易出现抑郁。结论在疫情压力下,较高的心理弹性和就业能力有助于降低女性的焦虑抑郁水平;同时,心理弹性水平较高的情况下,就业能力越强越能降低女性抑郁的风险。

Objective It will analyze the effects of mental resilience and employability on female depression and anxiety under the pressure of COVID-19.Methods 1303 women were involved in the survey through Short Forms of Depression Scale,Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale,Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale,Self-perceived Employability Scale and Background Information Questionnaire,during the period of delayed return to work in the middle of February,2020.Results From the perspective of anxiety,the regression coefficient of mental resilience was significant(β=-0.287,P<0.001)which means the stronger the mental resilience was,the lower the anxiety level was on the situation of controlling the background information including age,occupation,marital status and children.At the same time,the regression coefficient of employability was significant(β=-0.064,P<0.05)which means the higher the employability was,the lower the anxiety level was.The interaction between mental resilience and employability was not significant(β=0.014,P>0.05).In terms of depression,the regression coefficient of mental resilience was significant(β=-0.332,P<0.001)which means the higher the mental resilience was,the lower the depression level was;the regression coefficient of employability was significant(β=-0.162,P<0.001)which means the stronger the employability was,the lower the depression level was.At the same time,the interaction between mental resilience and employability was significant(β=0.044,p<0.05),that is,mental resilience played a moderating role between employability and depression.Individuals with higher level of mental resilience had stronger employability than those with lower level of psychological resilience,and were less likely to be depressed.Conclusion Under the epidemic pressure,a higher degree of mental resilience and employability could be helpful to reduce women's anxiety and depression.At the same time,the stronger employability could reduce the risk of depression for women with a higher level of mental resilience.