中国科学院心理健康重点实验室知识库

目的 考察儿童母亲焦虑状况及影响因素,探讨婚姻质量与母亲焦虑的关系,以及共同养育在其中的调节作用。方法 采用广泛性焦虑量表、婚姻调适问卷以及共同养育关系量表对522名孩子年龄0～12岁的母亲进行问卷调查,通过SPSS 20.0软件进行χ2检验、Spearman相关分析、非参数百分位Bootstrap法进行数据分析处理。结果 (1)本研究中有48.7%的母亲存在不同程度的焦虑,其中轻度焦虑占37.4%,中度焦虑占8.4%,重度焦虑占2.9%；(2)χ2检验结果显示,母亲焦虑状况在母亲年龄、母亲工作压力、经济压力、父亲工作压力、子女年龄,子女健康状况、祖辈与父辈冲突、祖辈参与养育意愿等方面差异有统计学意义(χ2＝4.292～23.170,均P<0.05)；(3)母亲焦虑与婚姻质量呈显著负相关(r＝－0.419,P<0.01)；(4)父亲积极共同养育和消极共同养育均对婚姻质量与母亲焦虑的关系有显著的调节作用(B积极共同养育＝0.013,P<0.01；B消极共同养育＝－0.010,P<0.05),J-N法简单斜率检验显示,简单斜率95%的Bootstrap置信区间不包含0。结论 婚姻质量是影响母亲焦虑的重要因素,父亲在共同养育中的表现在其中起一定的调节作用。

To identify the influencing factors of maternal anxiety, and explore the moderating role of co-parenting in the effect of marriage quality on maternal anxiety. Methods Totally 522 mothers with children aged 0-12 were enrolled in the surveys and completed the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) ,Marital Adjustment Test and Co-parenting Relationship Scale. The chi-square test, the spearman correlation analysis and non-parametric percentile Bootstrap method were processed by SPSS 22. 0. Results The detection rate of anxiety in the mothers was 48. 7% ,and the rate for mild, moderate, and severe anxiety was 37. 4% , 8. 4% , 2. 9% , respectively.② The chi-square test showed that the family factors, such as mother's age, level of workload, family economic conditions, husband's level of workload, the child's age and health condition, as well as the conflicts between parents and grandparents and the grandparents1 willingness of involving in raising children, significantly affected mother's anxiety( X2 =4. 292-23. 170,P<0. 05).②The maternal anxiety was negatively correlated with marital quality (r= -0. 419,P<0. 01).③ Both positive coparenting (PCP) and negative co-parenting( NCP) played moderating roles in the relationship between marriage quality and maternal anxiety ( BPCP = 0. 013, P<0. 01 ;BNCP = -0. 010, P<0. 05 ). Conclusion Marital quality is an important factor which affects maternal anxiety, and father * s performance in co-parenting plays a moderating role in it.