| 其他摘要 | Meditation is a simple and effective psychotherapy and adjustment method that can be applied anytime and anywhere. The mechanism of the effect of meditation is considered to be mainly attention and acceptance. However, there is no conclusion about the degree of attention and acceptance to be effective, that is, how long meditation training needs to be effective. Moreover, for most beginners and people who need emotional intervention, meditation training is still difficult to get started and adhere to. If we can help beginners get the effect of meditation and experience the core of meditation technology through a brief meditation training, we can help more meditation practitioners to establish the confidence of adhering to practice. Therefore, it is of great significance and value to explore the influence of meditation, especially the brief meditation practice on different groups of people, to understand the difficulties and obstacles encountered by beginners in the process of practicing meditation, to improve the meditation program accordingly, to quickly and effectively promote the technology to the people who have no meditation experience, and to help beginners overcome the obstacles in practice.With the advantages of high timeliness and low cost, event-related potential (ERP) can sensitively detect the neurophysiological changes in the process of meditation, and is widely used in the research of meditation. On the basis of previous ERP research, this paper summarizes the methods and problems of previous research, explores the influence of attention and acceptance of emotional language and music objects in brief meditation on ERP, understands the neurophysiological reactions of beginners in the process of meditation practice, and compares the gender effects.This paper is divided into two parts.Study 1: To explore the effects of positive and negative emotions on ERP and gender differences in brief meditation. Fifty two healthy college students, 27 males and 25 females, were recruited in the experiment. After 5 minutes of breathing practice, fixed frequency “ D” sound stimulation was used as a probe to induce ERP waveform when subjects were aware of positive and negative emotional auditory materials. The results showed that there were significant gender differences and brain lateralization in the neural mechanism of meditation. Under the condition of negative meditation, the amplitude of left frontal lobe in N160 was significantly greater than that in right frontal lobe in males, and that in P240 was significantly greater in females. Gender differences are mainly reflected in the anterior cingulate cortex, prefrontal cortex and other brain areas related to emotion and attention allocation.Study 2: To explore the influence of music emotion of no lyrics and Chinese lyrics on ERP and gender differences in brief meditation. After 5 minutes of breathing practice, fixed frequency “ D” sound stimulation was used as a probe to induce ERP waveform when subjects were aware of music emotional auditory materials without lyrics and Chinese lyrics. The results showed that the awareness of no lyrics and Chinese lyrics music had a significant effect on ERP. Lyrics have an impact on music processing, and there is a significant gender difference. In the process of meditation, both men and women put more attention resources into the music without lyrics, and the duration of attention resources is different. There is no brain lateralization effect in the process of music emotion awareness in men and women.Conclusion1. Emotional language and music in brief meditation have different effects on ERP waveform induced by fixed frequency “ D” sound. This kind of EEG changes may be superimposed by two kinds of processing (emotional language or music processing and fixed frequency “ D” sound stimulation processing). The difference of ERP waveform may come from prefrontal lobe and anterior cingulate gyrus.2. There were significant gender differences and brain lateralization differences in ERP waveforms of emotional language and music in brief meditation. Under the condition of emotional language, men and women have brain lateralization effect in the process of short meditation, and there is a difference in latency; while under the condition of music, men and women have no brain lateralization effect. Under the condition of negative emotional language, the activity of left frontal lobe was stronger in men, and the amplitude of electric pole in left frontal lobe was significantly larger than that in right frontal lobe in N160; the amplitude of electric pole in right frontal lobe was significantly larger than that in left frontal lobe in women in P240. |
修改评论