| 其他摘要 | Adolescents are the main group of suicide. There are extreme psychologicalproblems occur frequently at this age, such as suicidal ideation and non-suicidalself-injury behaviors. Therefore, clarifying suicide risk and the mechanism is of greatsignificance for suicide prevention. In the past, a large number of studies have pointedout the potential impact of social risk factors on suicidal behavior, but the currentsuicide-related research is difficult with both long-term longitudinal retrospective andnon-objective indicators of social value which from a social perspective. Based on thecurrent deficiencies in the field, this study relies on the massive data of social media,realizes a long-term longitudinal observation of the influencing mechanism of suiciderisk factors from a social perspective, and also quantifies social morality and socialindividualism/collectivism to be included in the observation range of factorsassociated with suicidal behavior risk.
In order to deeply analyze the influence mechanism of suicide risk factors ondifferent groups, this study carried out research on the influence mechanism of suiciderisk for the general population of Weibo, adolescent groups, and adolescents withhigh suicide risk. The study found:
(1) Social changes (including social environment and social values) could be
regarded as external stressors, which through the intermediary factor of psychache,have a positive or negative impact on the risk of suicidal behavior in the generalpopulation of Weibo. In terms of social environment, economic factors (disposableincome of residents, β=-0.044, p<0.001) has alleviated the risk of suicidal behaviorby negatively affecting psychological distress; urbanization factors (the proportion ofprimary industry, β=0.037, p <0.001) has positively predicted psychache and risk ofsuicidal behavior. In terms of social value, a decrease in collectivism ( β =0.086,p<0.001) or an increase in the expression of individualism (β=-0.077, p<0.001) wereboth associated with lower levels of psychache, and also promoted a higher risk ofsuicidal behavior. The revolt (β=-0.026, p<0.05) in social morality has negativelypredicted psychological pain, and the dirty dimension ( β =0.130, p<0.001) haspositively predicted psychache and is further related to the risk of suicidal behavior.This study took the general population of Weibo as the sample, analyzed the impactpath from social changes (including social environment and social values) to the riskof suicidal behavior from a group perspective, and emphasized the importance ofpsychache as an intermediary cause.
(2) The risk of suicidal behavior in adolescents does not sensitive to the changesin the social environment but is greatly affected by changes in social values. Foradolescents, stressors from social changes (social environment or social values) do notaffect the risk of suicidal behavior by inducing psychache, but rather throughhopelessness. In terms of social environment changes, the divorce rate has reduced theexpression of hopelessness ( β =-0.026, p<0.05), and a lower expression ofhopelessness could in turn predict a higher risk of suicidal behavior ( β =-0.627,p<0.01). For adolescents, hopelessness and risk of suicidal behavior were negativelypredictive, that is, high risk of suicidal behavior generally had lower expressions ofhopelessness. This finding may suggest that adolescent users with high suicide riskmay prefer more subtle expressions of hopelessness.
(3) Adolescents with serious suicide problems may be less express psychacheand hopelessness on Weibo; while those who usually post strong psychache andhopelessness are often in a shallower suicide stage (such as the stage of depressedemotion). Through the psychache and despair expression posted by high suicide riskteenagers, we found that could directly predict the user's psychological state after 3months (β=-0.271, p<0.05 ); the expression of psychache could indirectly predict thesuicide stage after 3 months (β=-0.154, p<0.05) through the hopelessness(β=0.571,p<0.001). Results found that we cannot judge the possibility of suicide only by theexpression frequency of psychache and despair in Weibo text, because adolescentswith more serious suicide stages might not intuitively disclose their feeling ofpsychache and hopelessness.
(4) To sum up, based on the massive Weibo database, this study conducted a more targeted analysis, of the impact mechanism of suicide risk among three groupsat different levels. From the perspective of social groups, respectively verified theimportance of psychache and hopelessness as risk factors for suicidal behaviors. Atthe same time, the relationship between suicide and the expression of psychache andhopelessness in adolescents with high suicidal ideation was found. The findings revealthe motivation and deterioration pattern of suicidal behavior under the influence ofsocial changes, provide favorable scientific advice for suicide risk intervention,facilitate subsequent early warning of high suicide risk areas, and rational allocationof suicide prevention resources. |
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