| 其他摘要 | Both dance/movement therapy represented by authentic movement, and dance movement intervention mainly practicing compulsory movement can reduce depressive symptoms in patients with depression. In addition to vitality stimulation and aesthetic communication which can be realized by dance per se, dance/movement therapy put more emphasis on the discovery and transformation of subconscious content, the integration of body and mind based on creative process, and the role of embodied therapeutic relationship. This may be the reason why dance/movement therapy produces more consistent positive effect than dance movement intervention does on mental health improvement. Authentic movement is one of the most classic methods of dance/movement therapy. It releases and processes subconscious content by paying attention to body sensations and developing self-awareness, creatively integrates the physical self, emotional self, and thinking self through improvisational movement, and is appropriate for application in psychotherapy and personal growth of high-functioning patients with depression. However, its overall requirements for therapists and difficulty of implementation are higher than those of pure dance movement intervention. Previous studies have shown that both a single intervention of non-goal-directed improvisational dance movement and a single intervention of goal-directed dance movement can help college participants reduce perceived stress, improve well-being and enhance body self-efficacy, while non-goal-directed dance movement has a more significant effect than goal-directed dance movement. Nevertheless, researchers have not directly compared the different therapeutic effects of dance/movement therapy and dance movement intervention in a clinical setting. This study synthesizes the theoretical mechanisms of authentic movement, examines the different effects of authentic movement experience as an example of dance/movement therapy and compulsory movement experience as an example of dance movement intervention on the mental state of depressed patients, and conducts preliminary exploration of the two different processes based on the theory framework of embodied aesthetics. By reviewing the theoretical interpretations of the role of interoception in stress generation and regulation, such as mindfulness-to-meaning theory, it is deduced that the improvement of interoceptive awareness may be one of the key factors resulting in the fact that authentic movement is more effective than compulsory movement in reducing perceived stress.
Twenty-six outpatients with depression were recruited from the Psychiatry Department of a General Hospital, and then randomly assigned into either an experimental group or a control group. Each group consisted of 13 cases. The experimental group received a single authentic movement intervention. The control group received a single compulsory movement intervention. Before and after the intervention respectively, the participants completed the Chinese version of Perceived Stress Questionnaire, Heidelberg State Inventory, Body Self-Efficacy Scale as well as the Noticing Scale, Attention Regulation Scale and Trusting Scale of the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness Version 2. After the intervention, a significant improvement on perceived stress, well-being, and interoceptive awareness were observed in the experimental group, but no significant change in body self-efficacy was registered there; while a significant improvement on perceived stress and well-being were observed in the control group, however, no significant change in interoceptive awareness or body self-efficacy was registered there. The experimental group improved more significantly in perceived stress and interoceptive awareness compared to the control group. Interoceptive awareness has completely mediated the effects of different movement styles (authentic movement versus compulsory movement) on the improvement of the participants' perceived stress.
Conclusion: A single intervention of authentic movement and a single intervention of compulsory movement can both improve the psychological state of depressed patients in terms of perceived stress and well-being. Authentic movement intervention is more effective than compulsory movement intervention in improving the perceived stress and interoceptive awareness of depressed patients. The mediation effect of interoceptive awareness may help explain the mechanism of why authentic movement intervention is more effective than compulsory movement intervention in alleviating perceived stress of psychiatric patients with depression. |
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