| 其他摘要 | With social changes and the continuous integration of multiculturalism, gender roles and parenting ideas have changed, and more and more people are aware of the important role of fathers in the children’s development. Father involvement has significant influences on children's emotional development, cognitive skills and behavioral problems, and the influences can be quite different from mother's influences. With the rapid development of China's economy, the family parenting situation has also changed. Grandparents are more and more involved in the parenting activities of their grandchildren, which affects the functions of other family subsystems. Based on the family system theory, this paper studied the relationship mechanisms among grandparent-parents subsystem (grandparent-parent coparenting), father-mother subsystem (mother-father coparenting; marital satisfaction), father-children subsystem (father involvement) among three-generation familes. Previous research on the relationship between grandparent-parent coparenting and father's involvement mostly only involved either father or mother's variables, and lack of attention to the spillover effect between family subsystems. Based on the family system theory and prior studies , the present study analyzed the impact of grandparent-parent coparenting on the paternal involvement through the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM), explored the mediating and moderating mechanism in their relationship.The participants were both the fathers and mothers of 1,895 children aged between 3 and 7 years old. The questionnaire includethe grandparent-parent coparenting scale, Chinese father parenting investment questionnaire, coparenting scale and marital satisfaction scale. A total number of 1,122 valid data (561 pairs) were collected via online questionnaires. Paired sample t-test, independent-samples t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to compare the differences of grandparent-parent coparenting and father involvement in different characteristic groups with SPSS 22.0. Since the study aimed at pair data, after further pairing and data checking, 404 data (202 pairs) were selected to explore the mechanism of relationship between grandparent-parent coparenting and father involvement using the APIM, and to examine the mediating roles of father-mother coparenting and parental marital satisfaction, and the moderating effect of variables such as father’s age that may play in it. The main results of this study are:(1) In terms of father involvement, the higher the maternal education level, the higher the total scores of father's involvement, as well as the sores of engagement and responsibility dimensions; The higher the education level of grandparents, the higher the score of responsibility dimension of father's involvement; The longer time the father worked every week, the lower the total scores of father's involvement, as well as the sores of its three sub-dimensions; The fathers who were civil servants or public institution staffs scored higher in accessibility and responsibility of father involvement than who engaged in other occupations did; Fathers were born in urban areas scored higher in the total scores of father's involvement, as well as the sores of engagement and responsibility dimensions than those who were born in rural areas did. (2) In terms of grandparent-parent coparenting, in families that grandparents' education level were high school or above, grandparent-father coparenting and grandparent-mother coparenting relatively higher; Among fathers who worked more than 50 hours a week, the quality of grandparent-father coparenting relatively lower; in families that grandparents over 60 years old, the quality of grandparent-mother coparenting relatively higher; the score of grandparent-father coparenting was significantly higher than that of grandparent-mother coparenting. (3) Structural equation model showed that there’s a spillover effect in relationship between grandparent-father coparenting and father's involvement. Father’s age played a moderating role in their relationship. (4) In the relationship between grandparent-father coparenting and father's involvement, mother's performance in coparenting with fathers played a mediating role; Paternal marital satisfaction played the mediating role in grandparent-father coparenting and father involvement, and grandparent-mother coparenting and father involvement, respectively. Conclusions: (1) In the direct effect of grandparent-parent coparenting on father's involvement, it is only explained by spillover effect; (2) Father's age played a moderating role in the relationship between grandparent-parent coparenting and father's involvement; (3) Grandparent-parent coparenting impacted father investment through maternal coparenting with fathers; Grandparent-parent coparenting affected father's involvement through paternal marital satisfaction, and the meditating effect involving both subject and object effect. |
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