Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the prevalent mental problems among trauma-exposed adolescents. The diagnosis of PTSD is commonly based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) worldwide. However, striking differences regarding the diagnosis of PTSD exist between the ICD-11 and DSM-5. Studies elucidating differences between the ICD-11 and DSM-5 criteria for PTSD within non-Western adolescent samples would be informative for the utility of these two globally-used systems. Therefore, this study compared the prevalence and comorbidity of PTSD between the ICD-11 and DSM-5 across two Chinese adolescent samples.
A total of 743 students exposed to the Wenchuan earthquake and 553 students from vocational schools were included in this study. No significant PTSD prevalence differences between ICD-11 and DSM-5 were found across the two samples (p>0.05). A substantial agreement (κ=0.65 for the earthquake-exposed sample and κ=0.70 for the vocational school sample) was found between these two criteria of PTSD. The differences regarding comorbidities between ICD-11 and DSM-5 definition were not significant among these two samples (p>0.05).
The current study is the first to evaluate the prevalence and comorbidity based on ICD-11 and DSM-5 PTSD criteria among two samples of Chinese youth. The results showed that the PTSD prevalence based on DSM-5 not significantly different from ICD-11 across two different trauma samples. A substantial agreement was found between these two criteria of PTSD. Additionally, co-occurrence rate of PTSD with MDD and GAD was not significantly different between the ICD-11 and DSM-5 system in these two samples. This study adds to knowledge about the similarities and differences of using different PTSD criteria and carries implications for clinical and research utilization of the two widely used PTSD diagnostic criteria.
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