| 其他摘要 | Primary school parents face and bear various pressures from their children's studies, health, interpersonal relationships, extracurricular activities, and thus generate many negative emotions. Faced with such negative emotions, parents of elementary school students lack their own coping ability and external support, leading to an increasing number of mental health problems in this group. It is particularly necessary to pay attention to the mental health of this group, and provide them with certain psychological support. Self-compassion, as an internal adjustment mechanism, plays a very important role in self-psychological adjustment and is a proven effective tool. This article selects primary school parents as the research object and focuses on improving their psychological attribute efficacy. Four research variables are selected: self-compassion, rumination thinking, parenting pressure, and negative emotions. Through two studies, the intrinsic relationship between these four variables and the positive effects of implementing self-compassion interventions are explored.
Study 1 distributed 840 survey questionnaires to parents of two primary school students in a certain urban area of Shandong Province through questionnaire survey method, and collected 759 valid questionnaires. Statistical software SPSS 27.0 and PROCESS v4.0 plugin were used to conduct common method bias test, demographic difference analysis, correlation analysis, and chain mediation effect analysis on the collected valid questionnaires. The results showed that there was a significant pairwise correlation between self-compassion, rumination, parenting pressure, and negative emotions; The negative self-compassion of primary school parents significantly predicts their negative emotions; Ruminative thinking and parenting pressure mediate the relationship between self-compassion and negative emotions, respectively; Rumination and parenting pressure play a chain mediating role between self-compassion and negative emotions.
Study 2 conducted a one-week self-compassion intervention on 62 parents of primary school students socially recruited through experimental intervention method, in which the intervention group consisted of 32 individuals and the control group consisted of 30 individuals. Statistical software SPSS 27.0 and AMOS 22.0 were used to compare the collected intervention data with demographic variables, analyze the pre-test differences between groups, analyze the differences in data before and after intervention, analyze the correlation between the differences before and after intervention, and analyze the moderating effect of whether or not to intervene in the chain mediation model of rumination and parenting stress. The results showed that self-compassion intervention played a significant role in reducing negative emotions, alleviating the three negative dimensions of self-compassion including self-criticism, sense of isolation and over-immersion, reducing the introspection dimension of rumination, and improving the dimension of difficult children contained in parenting pressure. The change of self-compassion was negatively correlated with the change of rumination thinking, the change of parenting pressure and the change of negative emotion, while the change of rumination thinking, the change of parenting pressure and the change of negative emotion were significantly positively correlated. Self-compassion intervention plays a significant moderating role in the influence of self-compassion on rumination thinking, and the overall moderating effect on the four variables of self-compassion, rumination thinking, parenting pressure and negative emotion significant.
Conclusion: By means of questionnaire survey and experimental intervention, this study explored the relationship between self-compassion and negative emotions, and the role of psychological factors such as rumination thinking and parenting pressure in the relationship. Study 1 found that there were significant correlations among parents' self-compassion, rumination thinking, parenting pressure and negative emotions. Self-compassion can not only directly predict the decrease of negative emotions, but also indirectly predict the decrease of negative emotions through the separate mediating effect of rumination and parenting pressure, and the chain mediating effect formed by rumination and parenting pressure. Study 2 found that before and after self-compassion intervention for parents of primary school students, the four variables and the pre and post measurement data of each dimension and the effect data showed a significant level, and there was a correlation between the amount of self-compassion, the change amount of rumination thinking, the change amount of parenting pressure and the change amount of negative emotion. On this basis, the adjustment mechanism between the variables in the intervention process was explored. |
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