| 其他摘要 | According to the World Health Organization WHO estimates, about 5% of adults worldwide suffer from depression. In recent years, with the economic transformation of China, the employment pressure is increasing, the workplace competition is fierce, and the mental health of the working people is more and more worrying. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to investigate the emotional status of the current employees and develop the technical means to improve the mood with high availability and good effect.
Previous studies have found that individual executive functions and emotional regulation abilities are significantly related to the occurrence of depression when faced with stress. Therefore, we wanted to further verify whether executive function and emotional regulation ability play a mediation role in stressors and depression, and then, improve individual depressive mood by intervening with this mediation variable. Based on this, the present paper includes 2 studies:
In Study 1, we examined the role of executive function and emotional regulation in stress and depression in daily life in adults aged 18-50 with severe emotional distress. A nationwide collection of 808 questionnaires showed that the degree of depression was significantly correlated with the number of life events experienced and executive function, and showed a significant negative correlation with emotion regulation ability. Mediation analysis found that executive function played a significant mediator between life events and depressive onset. However, in the depression of executive function, the cognitive reevaluation strategy has a significant positive regulation effect.
Based on the results of study 1, study 2 targeted the intermediary variable executive function as the intervention, and adopted the self-developed dual-dimensional working memory training on mobile phones, in order to improve depression by improving executive function. Compared with the traditional working memory training and the emotional working memory training with emotional materials, the possible role of emotional regulation and executive function in the two training was investigated. We recruited 61 professionals with mild or more depression, randomly divided into three groups: working memory training group, emotional working memory training group, and blank control group, for one month of online training. The results showed that in the two training groups, the depressive symptoms were significantly improved after training. In emotional working memory training group, Beck depression inventory(BDI) score in the training group decreased from 20.36 to 15.77. In the neutral working memory training group, the BDI score decreased from 18.42 to 14.74. At the same time, the cognitive reappraisal ability was also improved significantly in both training groups. In the emotional working memory training group, Emotion regulation questionnaire(ERQ) score increased from 25.95 to 34.91. In the neutral working memory training group, the ERQ score increased from 27.37 to 32.32. In the emotional working memory training group, the improvement of executive function was significantly associated with the improvement of depressed mood and the improvement of emotional regulation ability. In the neutral working memory training group, there was no significant relationship between the improvement in executive function and the improvement in emotional regulation ability. However, the improvement in emotional regulation and depression were not significant in the two training groups. Therefore, we reasoned that the underlying mechanism of working memory training (with or without emotional material) is achieved by enhancing executive function, rather than by enhancing emotional regulation. Moreover, although emotional working memory training can further improve emotional regulation ability, the effect of improving depressed mood is similar to that of traditional working memory.
Through the studies, we concluded that: firstly, the severity of depression is related to the number of life events and the degree of executive function, and executive function plays a mediating role between life events and depression. In the process of executive function depression, cognitive reevaluation strategy plays a significant regulatory role. Moreover, emotional working memory training and neutral working memory training can effectively reduce depression, and emotional working memory training can also improve individual emotional regulation ability. Thirdly, the underlying mechanism of working memory training improves depressed mood is mainly by improving executive function. |
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